Struct bitvec::vec::BitVec

#[repr(C)]
pub struct BitVec<O = Lsb0, T = usize> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore,  { /* private fields */ }

A contiguous growable array of bits.

This is a managed, heap-allocated, buffer that contains a BitSlice region. It is analagous to Vec<bool>, and is written to be very nearly a drop-in replacement for it. This type contains little interesting behavior in its own right; most of its behavior is provided by dereferencing to its managed BitSlice buffer. It instead serves primarily as an interface to the allocator, and has some specialized behaviors for its fully-owned memory buffer.

Documentation

All APIs that mirror something in the standard library will have an Original section linking to the corresponding item. All APIs that have a different signature or behavior than the original will have an API Differences section explaining what has changed, and how to adapt your existing code to the change.

These sections look like this:

Original

Vec<T>

API Differences

The buffer type Vec<bool> has no type parameters. BitVec<O, T> has the same two type parameters as BitSlice<O, T>. Otherwise, BitVec is able to implement the full API surface of Vec<bool>.

Examples

Because BitVec takes type parameters, but has default type arguments for them, you will need to specify its type parameters when using its associated functions. The easiest way to do this is to declare bindings type as : BitVec, which uses the default type arguments.

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv: BitVec = BitVec::new();
bv.push(false);
bv.push(true);

assert_eq!(bv.len(), 2);
assert_eq!(bv[0], false);

assert_eq!(bv.pop(), Some(true));
assert_eq!(bv.len(), 1);

// `BitVec` cannot yet support `[]=` write indexing.
*bv.get_mut(0).unwrap() = true;
assert_eq!(bv[0], true);

bv.extend(bits![0, 1, 0]);

for bit in &bv {
  println!("{}", bit);
}
assert_eq!(bv, bits![1, 0, 1, 0]);

The bitvec! macro is provided to make initialization more convenient:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![0, 0, 1];
bv.push(true);
assert_eq!(bv, bits![0, 0, 1, 1]);

It has the same argument syntax as vec!. In addition, it can take type arguments for ordering and storage:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bv = bitvec![Msb0, u16; 1; 30];
assert!(bv.all());
assert_eq!(bv.len(), 30);

Indexing

The BitVec type allows you to access bits by index, because it implements the Index trait. However, because IndexMut requires producing an &mut bool reference, it cannot implement []= index assignment syntax. Instead, you must use get_mut or get_unchecked_mut to produce proxy types that can serve the same purpose.

Slicing

A BitVec is resizable, while BitSlice is a fixed-size view of a buffer. Just as with ordinary Vecs and slices, you can get a BitSlice from a BitVec by borrowing it:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

fn read_bitslice(slice: &BitSlice) {
  // …
}

let bv = bitvec![0; 30];
read_bitslice(&bv);

// … and that’s all!
// you can also do it like this:
let x: &BitSlice = &bv;

As with ordinary Rust types, you should prefer passing bit-slices rather than buffers when you just want to inspect the data, and not manage the underlying memory region.

Behavior

Because BitVec is a fully-owned buffer, it is able to operate on its memory without concern for any other views that may alias. This enables it to specialize some BitSlice behavior to be faster or more efficient. However, BitVec is not restricted to only using unaliased integer storage, and technically permits the construction of BitVec<_, AtomicType>.

This restriction is extremely awkward and constraining to write in the library, and clients will probably never attempt to construct them, but the possibility is still present. Be aware of this possibility when using generic code to convert from BitSlice to BitVec. Fully-typed code does not need to be concerned with this possibility.

Capacity and Reällocation

The capacity of a bit-vector is the amount of space allocated for any future bits that will be added onto the vector. This is not to be confused with the length of a vector, which specifies the number of actual bits within the vector. If a vector’s length exceeds its capacity, its capacity will automatically be increased, but its buffer will have to be reällocated

For example, a bit-vector with capacity 64 and length 0 would be an empty vector with space for 64 more bits. Pushing 64 or fewer bits onto the vector will not change its capacity or cause reällocation to occur. However, if the vector’s length is increased to 65, it may have to reällocate, which can be slow. For this reason, it is recommended to use BitVec::with_capacity whenever possible to specify how big the vector is expected to get.

Safety

Like BitSlice, BitVec is exactly equal in size to Vec, and is also absolutely representation-incompatible with it. You must never attempt to type-cast between Vec<T> and BitVec in any way, nor attempt to modify the memory value of a BitVec handle. Doing so will cause allocator and memory errors in your program, likely inducing a panic.

Everything in the BitVec public API, even the unsafe parts, are guaranteed to have no more unsafety than their equivalent items in the standard library. All unsafe APIs will have documentation explicitly detailing what the API requires you to uphold in order for it to function safely and correctly. All safe APIs will do so themselves.

Performance

The choice of BitStore type parameter can impact your vector’s performance, as the allocator operates in units of T rather than in bits. This means that larger register types will increase the amount of memory reserved in each call to the allocator, meaning fewer calls to push will actually cause a reällocation. In addition, iteration over the vector is governed by the BitSlice characteristics on the type parameter. You are generally better off using larger types when your vector is a data collection rather than a specific I/O protocol buffer.

Macro Construction

Heap allocation can only occur at runtime, but the bitvec! macro will construct an appropriate BitSlice buffer at compile-time, and at run-time, only copy the buffer into a heap allocation.

Implementations

impl<O, T> BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

Port of the Vec<T> inherent API.

pub fn new() -> Self

Constructs a new, empty, BitVec<O, T>.

The bit-vector will not allocate until bits are pushed onto it.

Original

Vec::new

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv: BitVec = BitVec::new();

pub fn with_capacity(capacity: usize) -> Self

Constructs a new, empty, BitVec<O, T> with the specified capacity (in bits).

The bit-vector will be able to hold at least capacity bits without reällocating. If capacity is 0, the bit-vector will not allocate.

It is important to note that although the returned bit-vector has the capacity specified, the bit-vector will have a zero length. For an explanation of the difference between length and capacity, see Capacity and reällocation.

Original

Vec::with_capacity

Panics

Panics if the requested capacity exceeds the bit-vector’s limits.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv: BitVec = BitVec::with_capacity(128);

// The bit-vector contains no bits, even
// though it has the capacity for more.
assert_eq!(bv.len(), 0);
assert!(bv.capacity() >= 128);

// These are all done
// without reällocating…
for i in 0 .. 128 {
  bv.push(i & 0xC0 == i);
}
assert_eq!(bv.len(), 128);
assert!(bv.capacity() >= 128);

// …but this may make the
// bit-vector reällocate.
bv.push(false);
assert_eq!(bv.len(), 129);
assert!(bv.capacity() >= 129);

pub fn into_raw_parts(self) -> (BitPtr<Mut, O, T>, usize, usize)

Decomposes a BitVec<O, T> into its raw components.

Returns the raw bit-pointer to the underlying data, the length of the bit-vector (in bits), and the allocated capacity of the buffer (in bits). These are the same arguments in the same order as the arguments to from_raw_parts.

After calling this function, the caller is responsible for the memory previously managed by the BitVec. The only way to do this is to convert the raw bit-pointer, length, and capacity back into a BitVec with the from_raw_parts function, allowing the destructor to perform the cleanup.

Original

Vec::into_raw_parts

API Differences

This returns a BitPtr, rather than a *mut T. If you need the actual memory address, BitPtr::pointer will produce it.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;
use core::cell::Cell;

let bv: BitVec = bitvec![0, 1, 0, 0, 1];

let (ptr, len, cap) = bv.into_raw_parts();

let rebuilt = unsafe {
  // We can now make changes to the components, such
  // as casting the pointer to a compatible type.
  let ptr = ptr.cast::<Cell<usize>>();
  BitVec::from_raw_parts(ptr, len, cap)
};
assert_eq!(rebuilt, bits![0, 1, 0, 0, 1]);

pub unsafe fn from_raw_parts(
    bitptr: BitPtr<Mut, O, T>,
    length: usize,
    capacity: usize
) -> Self

Creates a BitVec<O, T> directly from the raw components of another bit-vector.

Original

Vec::from_raw_parts

API Differences

This takes a BitPtr, rather than a *mut T. If you only have a pointer, you can construct a BitPtr to its zeroth bit before calling this.

Safety

This is highly unsafe, due to the number of invariants that aren’t checked:

• bitptr needs to have been previously allocated by BitVec<O, T>, or constructed from a pointer allocated by Vec<T>.
• T needs to have the same size and alignment as what bitptr was allocated with. (T having a less strict alignment is not sufficient; the alignment really needs to be equal to satisf the dealloc requirement that memory must be allocated and deällocated with the same layout.) However, you can safely cast between bare integers, BitSafe integers, Cell wrappers, and atomic integers, as long as they all have the same width.
• length needs to be less than or equal to capacity.
• capacity needs to be the capacity (in bits) that the bit-pointer was allocated with (less any head offset in bitptr).

Violating these will cause problems. For example, it is not safe to build a BitVec<_, u8> from a pointer to a u16 sequence and twice its original length, because the allocator cares about the alignment, and these two types have different alignments. The buffer was allocated with alignment 2 (for u16), but after turning it into a BitVec<_, u8>, it’ll be deällocated with alignment 1.

The ownership of bitptris effectively transferred to the BitVec<O, T> which may then deällocate, reällocate, or change the contents of memory pointed to by the bit-pointer at will. Ensure that nothing else uses the pointer after calling this function.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;
use bitvec::ptr as bv_ptr;
use core::mem::ManuallyDrop;

let bv = bitvec![0, 1, 0, 0, 1];
let mut bv = ManuallyDrop::new(bv);
let bp = bv.as_mut_bitptr();
let len = bv.len();
let cap = bv.capacity();

unsafe {
  // Overwrite memory with the inverse bits.
  for i in 0 .. len {
    let bp = bp.add(i);
    bv_ptr::write(bp, !bv_ptr::read(bp.immut()));
  }

  // Put everything back together into a `BitVec`.
  let rebuilt = BitVec::from_raw_parts(bp, len, cap);
  assert_eq!(rebuilt, bits![1, 0, 1, 1, 0]);
}

pub fn capacity(&self) -> usize

Returns the number of bits the bit-vector can hold without reällocating.

Original

Vec::capacity

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bv: BitVec = BitVec::with_capacity(100);
assert!(bv.capacity() >= 100);

pub fn reserve(&mut self, additional: usize)

Reserves capacity for at least additional more bits to be inserted in the given BitVec<O, T>. The collection may reserve more space to avoid frequent reällocations. After calling reserve, capacity will be greater than or equal to self.len() + additional. Does nothing if capacity is already sufficient.

Original

Vec::reserve

Panics

Panics if the new capacity exceeds the bit-vector’s limits.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![1];
bv.reserve(100);
assert!(bv.capacity() >= 101);

pub fn reserve_exact(&mut self, additional: usize)

Reserves the minimum capacity for exactly additional more bits to be inserted in the given BitVec<O, T>. After calling reserve_exact, capacity will be greater than or equal to self.len() + additional. Does nothing if the capacity is already sufficient.

Note that the allocator may give the collection more space than it requests. Therefore, capacity can not be relied upon to be precisely minimal. Prefer reserve if future insertions are expected.

Original

Vec::reserve_exact

Panics

Panics if the new capacity exceeds the vector’s limits.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![1];
bv.reserve_exact(100);
assert!(bv.capacity() >= 101);

pub fn shrink_to_fit(&mut self)

Shrinks the capacity of the bit-vector as much as possible.

It will drop down as close as possible to the length but the allocator may still inform the bit-vector that there is space for a few more bits.

Original

Vec::shrink_to_fit

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv: BitVec = BitVec::with_capacity(100);
bv.extend([false, true, false].iter().copied());
assert!(bv.capacity() >= 100);
bv.shrink_to_fit();
assert!(bv.capacity() >= 3);

pub fn truncate(&mut self, len: usize)

Shortens the bit-vector, keeping the first len bits and dropping the rest.

If len is greater than the bit-vector’s current length, this has no effect.

The drain method can emulate truncate, but causes the excess bits to be returned instead of dropped.

Note that this method has no effect on the allocated capacity of the bit-vector, nor does it erase truncated memory. Bits in the allocated memory that are outside of the as_bitslice view always have unspecified values, and cannot be relied upon to be zero.

Original

Vec::truncate

Examples

Truncating a five-bit vector to two bits:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![1; 5];
bv.truncate(2);
assert_eq!(bv.len(), 2);
assert!(bv.as_raw_slice()[0].count_ones() >= 5);

No truncation occurs when len is greater than the vector’s current length:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![1; 3];
bv.truncate(8);
assert_eq!(bv.len(), 3);

Truncating when len == 0 is equivalent to calling the clear method.

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![0; 3];
bv.truncate(0);
assert!(bv.is_empty());

pub unsafe fn set_len(&mut self, new_len: usize)

Forces the length of the bit-vector to new_len.

This is a low-level operation that maintains none of the normal invariants of the type. Normall changing the length of a bit-vector is done using one of the safe operations instead, such as truncate, resize, extend, or clear.

Original

Vec::set_len

Safety

• new_len must be less than or equal to self.capacity().
• The memory elements underlying old_len .. new_len must be initialized.

Examples

This method can be useful for situations in which the bit-vector is serving as a buffer for other code, particularly over FFI:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

// `bitvec` could pair with `rustler` for a better bitstream
type ErlBitstring = BitVec<Msb0, u8>;
let mut bits_read = 0;
// An imaginary Erlang function wants a large bit buffer.
let mut buf = ErlBitstring::with_capacity(32_768);
// SAFETY: When `erl_read_bits` returns `ERL_OK`, it holds that:
// 1. `bits_read` bits were initialized.
// 2. `bits_read` <= the capacity (32_768)
// which makes `set_len` safe to call.
unsafe {
  // Make the FFI call…
  let status = erl_read_bits(&mut buf, 10, &mut bits_read);
  if status == ERL_OK {
    // …and update the length to what was read in.
    buf.set_len(bits_read);
  }
}

pub fn swap_remove(&mut self, index: usize) -> bool

Removes a bit from the bit-vector and returns it.

The removed bit is replaced by the last bit of the bit-vector.

This does not preserve ordering, but is O(1).

Original

Vec::swap_remove

Panics

Panics if index is out of bounds.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![0, 0, 1, 0, 1];
assert!(!bv.swap_remove(1));
assert_eq!(bv, bits![0, 1, 1, 0]);

assert!(!bv.swap_remove(0));
assert_eq!(bv, bits![0, 1, 1]);

pub fn insert(&mut self, index: usize, value: bool)

Inserts a bit at position index within the bit-vector, shifting all bits after it to the right.

Original

Vec::insert

Panics

Panics if index > len.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![0; 5];
bv.insert(4, true);
assert_eq!(bv, bits![0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0]);
bv.insert(2, true);
assert_eq!(bv, bits![0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0]);

pub fn remove(&mut self, index: usize) -> bool

Removes and returns the bit at position index within the bit-vector, shifting all bits after it to the left.

Original

Vec::remove

Panics

Panics if index is out of bounds.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![0, 1, 0];
assert!(bv.remove(1));
assert_eq!(bv, bits![0, 0]);

pub fn retain<F>(&mut self, func: F) where
    F: FnMut(usize, &bool) -> bool, 

Retains only the bits specified by the predicate.

In other words, remove all bits b such that func(idx(b), &b) returns false. This method operates in place, visiting each bit exactly once in the original order, and preserves the order of the retained bits.

Original

Vec::retain

API Differences

In order to allow more than one bit of information for the retention decision, the predicate receives the index of each bit, as well as its value.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1];
bv.retain(|i, b| (i % 2 == 0) ^ b);
assert_eq!(bv, bits![0, 1, 0, 1]);

pub fn push(&mut self, value: bool)

Appends a bit to the back of a collection.

Original

Vec::push

Panics

Panics if the number of bits in the bit-vector exceeds the maximum bit-vector capacity.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![0, 0];
bv.push(true);
assert_eq!(bv.count_ones(), 1);

pub fn pop(&mut self) -> Option<bool>

Removes the last bit from a bit-vector and returns it, or None if it is empty.

Original

Vec::pop

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![0, 0, 1];
assert_eq!(bv.pop(), Some(true));
assert_eq!(bv, bits![0, 0]);

pub fn append<O2, T2>(&mut self, other: &mut BitVec<O2, T2>) where
    O2: BitOrder,
    T2: BitStore, 

Moves all the bits of other into self, leaving other empty.

Original

Vec::append

API Differences

This permits other to have different type parameters than self, and does not require that it be of literally Self.

Panics

Panics if the number of bits overflows the maximum bit-vector capacity.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv1 = bitvec![Msb0, u16; 0; 10];
let mut bv2 = bitvec![Lsb0, u32; 1; 10];

bv1.append(&mut bv2);

assert_eq!(bv1.count_ones(), 10);
assert!(bv2.is_empty());

pub fn drain<R>(&mut self, range: R) -> Drain<'_, O, T> where
    R: RangeBounds<usize>, 

Creates a draining iterator that removes the specified range in the bit-vector and yields the removed bits.

When the iterator is dropped, all bits in the range are removed from the bit-vector, even if the iterator was not fully consumed. If the iterator is not dropped (with mem::forget for example), it is unspecified how many bits are removed.

Original

Vec::drain

Panics

Panics if the starting point is greater than the end point or if the end point is greater than the length of the bit-vector.

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![0, 1, 1];
let bv2: BitVec = bv.drain(1 ..).collect();
assert_eq!(bv, bits![0]);
assert_eq!(bv2, bits![1, 1]);

// A full range clears the vector
bv.drain(..);
assert_eq!(bv, bits![]);

pub fn clear(&mut self)

Clears the bit-vector, removing all values.

Note that this method has no effect on the allocated capacity of the bit-vector.

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![0, 1, 0, 1];
bv.clear();
assert!(bv.is_empty());

pub fn len(&self) -> usize

Returns the number of bits in the bit-vector, also referred to as its ‘length’.

Original

Vec::len

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bv = bitvec![0, 0, 1];
assert_eq!(bv.len(), 3);

pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool

Returns true if the bit-vector contains no bits.

Original

Vec::is_empty

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv: BitVec = BitVec::new();
assert!(bv.is_empty());

bv.push(true);
assert!(!bv.is_empty());

pub fn split_off(&mut self, at: usize) -> Self

Splits the collection into two at the given index.

Returns a newly allocated bit-vector containing the bits in range [at, len). After the call, the original bit-vector will be left containing the bits [0, at) with its previous capacity unchanged.

Original

Vec::split_off

Panics

Panics if at > len.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![0, 0, 1];
let bv2 = bv.split_off(1);
assert_eq!(bv, bits![0]);
assert_eq!(bv2, bits![0, 1]);

pub fn resize_with<F>(&mut self, new_len: usize, func: F) where
    F: FnMut() -> bool, 

Resizes the BitVec in-place so that len is equal to new_len.

If new_len is greater than len, the BitVec is extended by the difference, with each additional slot filled with the result of calling the closure func. The return values from func will end up in the BitVec in the order they have been generated.

If new_len is less than len, the BitVec is simply truncated.

This method uses a closure to create new values on every push. If you’d rather Clone a given value, use resize. If you want to use the Default trait to generate values, you can pass Default::default() as the second argument.

Original

Vec::resize_with

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![1; 3];
bv.resize_with(5, Default::default);
assert_eq!(bv, bits![1, 1, 1, 0, 0]);

let mut bv = bitvec![];
let mut p = 0;
bv.resize_with(4, || { p += 1; p % 2 == 0 });
assert_eq!(bv, bits![0, 1, 0, 1]);

pub fn leak<'a>(self) -> &'a mut BitSlice<O, T>

Consumes and leaks the BitVec, returning a mutable reference to the contents, &'a mut BitSlice<O, T>. This lifetime may be chosen to be 'static.

This function is similar to the leak function on BitBox.

This function is mainly useful for data that lives for the remainder of the program’s life. Dropping the returned reference will cause a memory leak.

Original

Vec::leak

Examples

Simple usage:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let x = bitvec![0, 0, 1];
let static_ref: &'static mut BitSlice = x.leak();
static_ref.set(0, true);
assert_eq!(static_ref, bits![1, 0, 1]);

pub fn resize(&mut self, new_len: usize, value: bool)

Resizes the BitVec in-place so that len is equal to new_len.

If new_len is greater than len, the BitVec is extended by the difference, with each additional slot filled with value. If new_len is less than len, the BitVec is simply truncated.

This method requires a single bool value. If you need more flexibility, use resize_with.

Original

Vec::resize

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![1];
bv.resize(3, false);
assert_eq!(bv, bits![1, 0, 0]);

let mut bv = bitvec![1; 4];
bv.resize(2, false);
assert_eq!(bv, bits![1; 2]);

pub fn resize_default(&mut self, new_len: usize)

👎 Deprecated:

Vec::resize_default is deprecated

Resizes the BitVec in-place so that len is equal to new_len.

pub fn splice<R, I>(
    &mut self,
    range: R,
    replace_with: I
) -> Splice<'_, O, T, I::IntoIter> where
    R: RangeBounds<usize>,
    I: IntoIterator<Item = bool>, 

Creates a splicing iterator that replaces the specified range in the bit-vector with the given replace_with iterator and yields the removed items. replace_with does not need to be the same length as range.

range is removed even if the iterator is not consumed until the end.

It is unspecified how many bits are removed from the vector if the Splice value is leaked.

The input iterator replace_with is only consumed when the Splice value is dropped.

This is optimal if:

• the tail (bits in the vector after range) is empty
• or replace_with yields fewer bits than range’s length
• or the lower bound of its size_hint is exact.

Otherwise, a temporary bit-vector is allocated and the tail is moved twice.

Original

Vec::splice

Panics

Panics if the starting point is greater than the end point or if the end point is greater than the length of the bit-vector.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![0, 1, 0];
let new = bits![1, 0];
let old: BitVec = bv.splice(.. 2, new.iter().by_val()).collect();
assert_eq!(bv, bits![1, 0, 0]);
assert_eq!(old, bits![0, 1]);

impl<O, T> BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

General-purpose functions not present on Vec<T>.

pub fn repeat(bit: bool, len: usize) -> Self

Constructs a BitVec from a value repeated many times.

This function is equivalent to the bitvec![O, T; bit; len] macro call, and is in fact the implementation of that macro syntax.

Parameters

• bit: The bit value to which all len allocated bits will be set.
• len: The number of live bits in the constructed BitVec.

Returns

A BitVec with len live bits, all set to bit.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bv = BitVec::<Msb0, u8>::repeat(true, 20);
assert_eq!(bv, bits![1; 20]);

pub fn from_bitslice(slice: &BitSlice<O, T>) -> Self

Copies the contents of a BitSlice into a new allocation.

This is an exact copy: the newly-created bit-vector is initialized with a direct copy of the slice’s underlying contents, and its handle is set to use slice’s head index. Slices that do not begin at the zeroth bit of the base element will thus create misaligned vectors.

You can move the bit-vector contents down to begin at the zero index of the bit-vector’s buffer with force_align.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1];
let bv = BitVec::from_bitslice(&bits[2 ..]);
assert_eq!(bv, bits[2 ..]);
assert_eq!(bits.as_slice(), bv.as_raw_slice());

pub fn from_vec(vec: Vec<T>) -> Self

Converts a Vec<T> into a BitVec<O, T> without copying its buffer.

Parameters

• vec: A vector to view as bits.

Returns

A BitVec over the vec buffer.

Panics

This panics if vec is too long to convert into a BitVec. See BitSlice::MAX_ELTS.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let vec = vec![0u8; 4];
let bv = BitVec::<LocalBits, _>::from_vec(vec);
assert_eq!(bv, bits![0; 32]);

pub fn try_from_vec(vec: Vec<T>) -> Result<Self, Vec<T>>

Converts a Vec<T> into a BitVec<O, T> without copying its buffer.

This method takes ownership of a memory buffer and enables it to be used as a bit-vector. Because Vec can be longer than BitVecs, this is a fallible method, and the original vector will be returned if it cannot be converted.

Parameters

• vec: Some vector of memory, to be viewed as bits.

Returns

If vec is short enough to be viewed as a BitVec, then this returns a BitVec over the vec buffer. If vec is too long, then this returns vec unmodified.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let vec = vec![0u8; 4];
let bv = BitVec::<LocalBits, _>::try_from_vec(vec).unwrap();
assert_eq!(bv, bits![0; 32]);

An example showing this function failing would require an allocation exceeding !0usize >> 3 bytes in size, which is infeasible to produce.

pub fn extend_from_bitslice<O2, T2>(&mut self, other: &BitSlice<O2, T2>) where
    O2: BitOrder,
    T2: BitStore, 

Copies all bits in a BitSlice into the BitVec.

Original

Vec::extend_from_slice

Type Parameters

This can extend from a BitSlice of any type arguments. Where the source &BitSlice matches self’s type parameters, the implementation is able to attempt to accelerate the copy; however, if the type parameters do not match, then the implementation falls back to a bit-by-bit iteration and is equivalent to the Extend implementation.

You should only use this method when the type parameters match and there is a possibility of copy acceleration. Otherwise, .extend() is the correct API.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![0, 1];
bv.extend_from_bitslice(bits![1, 1, 0, 1]);

assert_eq!(bv, bits![0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1]);

pub fn extend_from_raw_slice(&mut self, slice: &[T])

Appends a slice of elements T to the BitVec.

The slice is interpreted as a BitSlice<O, T>, then appended directly to the bit-vector.

Original

Vec::extend_from_slice

pub fn elements(&self) -> usize

Gets the number of elements T that contain live bits of the bit-vector.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bv = bitvec![LocalBits, u16; 1; 50];
assert_eq!(bv.elements(), 4);

pub fn into_boxed_bitslice(self) -> BitBox<O, T>

Converts the bit-vector into BitBox<O, T>.

Note that this will drop any excess capacity.

Original

Vec::into_boxed_slice

API Differences

This returns a bitvec boxed bit-slice, not a standard boxed slice. To convert the underlying buffer into a boxed element slice, use .into_boxed_bitslice().into_boxed_slice().

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bv = bitvec![0, 1, 0, 0, 1];
let bitslice = bv.into_boxed_slice();

Any excess capacity is removed:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv: BitVec = BitVec::with_capacity(100);
bv.extend([0, 1, 0, 0, 1].iter().copied());

assert!(bv.capacity() >= 100);
let bs = bv.into_boxed_bitslice();
assert!(bs.into_bitvec().capacity() >= 5);

pub fn into_vec(self) -> Vec<T>

Removes the bit-precision view, returning the underlying Vec.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bv = bitvec![Lsb0, u8; 0, 1, 0, 0, 1];
let vec = bv.into_vec();
assert_eq!(vec, &[18]);

pub fn set_elements(&mut self, element: T::Mem)

Writes a value into every element that the bit-vector considers live.

This unconditionally writes element into each live location in the backing buffer, without altering the BitVec’s length or capacity.

It is unspecified what effects this has on the allocated but dead elements in the buffer. You may not rely on them being zeroed or being set to the value integer.

Parameters

• &mut self
• element: The value which will be written to each live location in the bit-vector’s buffer.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![LocalBits, u8; 0; 10];
assert_eq!(bv.as_raw_slice(), [0, 0]);
bv.set_elements(0xA5);
assert_eq!(bv.as_raw_slice(), [0xA5, 0xA5]);

pub fn set_uninitialized(&mut self, value: bool)

Sets the uninitialized bits of the bit-vector to a fixed value.

This method modifies all bits in the allocated buffer that are outside the as_bitslice view so that they have a consistent value. This can be used to zero the uninitialized memory so that when viewed as a raw memory slice, bits outside the live region have a predictable value.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = 220u8.view_bits::<Lsb0>().to_bitvec();
assert_eq!(bv.as_raw_slice(), &[220u8]);

bv.truncate(4);
assert_eq!(bv.count_ones(), 2);
assert_eq!(bv.as_raw_slice(), &[220u8]);

bv.set_uninitialized(false);
assert_eq!(bv.as_raw_slice(), &[12u8]);

bv.set_uninitialized(true);
assert_eq!(bv.as_raw_slice(), &[!3u8]);

pub fn force_align(&mut self)

Ensures that the live region of the bit-vector’s contents begins at the leading edge of the buffer.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let data = 0x3Cu8;
let bits = data.view_bits::<Msb0>();

let mut bv = bits[2 .. 6].to_bitvec();
assert_eq!(bv, bits[2 .. 6]);
assert_eq!(bv.as_raw_slice()[0], data);

bv.force_align();
assert_eq!(bv, bits[2 .. 6]);
// It is not specified what happens
// to bits that are no longer used.
assert_eq!(bv.as_raw_slice()[0] & 0xF0, 0xF0);

pub fn as_bitslice(&self) -> &BitSlice<O, T>

Extracts a bit-slice containing the entire bit-vector.

Equivalent to &bv[..].

Original

Vec::as_slice

API Differences

This returns a bitvec bit-slice, not a standard slice. To view the underlying element buffer, use as_raw_slice.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bv = bitvec![0, 1, 0, 0, 1];
let bits = bv.as_bitslice();

pub fn as_mut_bitslice(&mut self) -> &mut BitSlice<O, T>

Extracts a mutable bit-slice of the entire bit-vector.

Equivalent to &mut bv[..].

Original

Vec::as_mut_slice

API Differences

This returns a bitvec bit-slice, not a standard slice. To view the underlying element buffer, use as_mut_raw_slice.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![0, 1, 0, 0, 1];
let bits = bv.as_mut_bitslice();

pub fn as_bitptr(&self) -> BitPtr<Const, O, T>

Returns a raw pointer to the bit-vector’s buffer.

The caller must ensure that the bit-vector outlives the bit-pointer this function returns, or else it will end up pointing to garbage. Modifying the bit-vector may cause its buffer to be reällocated, which would also make any bit-pointers to it invalid.

The caller must also ensure that the memory the bit-pointer (non-transitively) points to is never written to (except inside an UnsafeCell) using this bit-pointer or any bit-pointer derived from it. If you need to mutate the contents of the buffer, use as_mut_bitptr.

Original

Vec::as_ptr

API Differences

This returns a bitvec bit-pointer, not a standard pointer. To take the address of the underlying element buffer, use as_raw_ptr.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bv = bitvec![0, 1, 0, 0, 1];
let bp = bv.as_bitptr();

unsafe {
  for i in 0 .. bv.len() {
    assert_eq!(bp.add(i).read(), bv[i]);
  }
}

pub fn as_mut_bitptr(&mut self) -> BitPtr<Mut, O, T>

Returns an unsafe mutable bit-pointer to the bit-vector’s region.

The caller must ensure that the bit-vector outlives the bit-pointer this function returns, or else it will end up pointing to garbage. Modifying the bit-vector may cause its buffer to be reällocated, which would also make any bit-pointers to it invalid.

Original

Vec::as_mut_ptr

API Differences

This returns a bitvec bit-pointer, not a standard pointer. To take the address of the underlying element buffer, use as_mut_raw_ptr.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = BitVec::<Msb0, u8>::with_capacity(4);
let bp = bv.as_mut_bitptr();
unsafe {
  for i in 0 .. 4 {
    bp.add(i).write(true);
  }
  bv.set_len(4);
}
assert_eq!(bv, bits![1; 4]);

pub fn as_raw_slice(&self) -> &[T]

Views the underlying buffer as a shared element slice.

Original

Vec::as_slice

API Differences

This method is renamed in order to emphasize the semantic distinction between borrowing the bit-vector contents, and borrowing the memory that implements the collection contents.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bv = bitvec![Msb0, u8; 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1];
let raw = bv.as_raw_slice();
assert_eq!(raw, &[0x4D]);

pub fn as_mut_raw_slice(&mut self) -> &mut [T]

Views the underlying buffer as an exclusive element slice.

Original

Vec::as_mut_slice

API Differences

This method is renamed in order to emphasize the semantic distinction between borrowing the bit-vector contents, and borrowing the memory that implements the collection contents.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![Msb0, u8; 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1];
let raw = bv.as_mut_raw_slice();
assert_eq!(raw, &[0x4D]);
raw[0] = 0xD4;
assert_eq!(bv, bits![1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0]);

pub fn as_raw_ptr(&self) -> *const T

Returns a raw pointer to the bit-vector’s buffer.

Original

Vec::as_ptr

API Differences

This method is renamed in order to emphasize the semantic distinction between taking a pointer to the start of the bit-vector contents, and taking a pointer to the underlying memory that implements the collection contents.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bv = bitvec![Msb0, u8; 0, 1, 0, 0, 1];
let addr = bv.as_raw_ptr();

pub fn as_mut_raw_ptr(&mut self) -> *mut T

Returns an unsafe mutable pointer to the bit-vector’s buffer.

Original

Vec::as_mut_ptr

API Differences

This method is renamed in order to emphasize the semantic distinction between taking a pointer to the start of the bit-vector contents, and taking a pointer to the underlying memory that implements the collection contents.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut bv = bitvec![0, 1, 0, 0, 1];
let addr = bv.as_mut_raw_ptr();

Methods from Deref<Target = BitSlice<O, T>>

pub fn len(&self) -> usize

Returns the number of bits in the slice.

Original

slice::len

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let a = bits![0, 0, 1];
assert_eq!(a.len(), 3);

pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool

Returns true if the slice has a length of 0.

Original

slice::is_empty

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let a = bits![0, 0, 1];
assert!(!a.is_empty());

pub fn first(&self) -> Option<BitRef<'_, Const, O, T>>

Returns the first bit of the slice, or None if it is empty.

Original

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![1, 0, 0];
assert_eq!(Some(&true), v.first().as_deref());

let w = bits![];
assert_eq!(None, w.first());

pub fn first_mut(&mut self) -> Option<BitRef<'_, Mut, O, T>>

Returns a mutable pointer to the first bit of the slice, or None if it is empty.

Original

slice::first_mut

API Differences

This crate cannot manifest &mut bool references, and must use the BitRef proxy type where &mut bool exists in the standard library API. The proxy value must be bound as mut in order to write through it.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let x = bits![mut 0, 1, 0];

if let Some(mut first) = x.first_mut() {
  *first = true;
}
assert_eq!(x, bits![1, 1, 0]);

pub fn split_first(&self) -> Option<(BitRef<'_, Const, O, T>, &Self)>

Returns the first and all the rest of the bits of the slice, or None if it is empty.

Original

slice::split_first

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let x = bits![1, 0, 0];

if let Some((first, rest)) = x.split_first() {
  assert_eq!(first, &true);
  assert_eq!(rest, bits![0; 2]);
}

pub fn split_first_mut(
    &mut self
) -> Option<(BitRef<'_, Mut, O, T::Alias>, &mut BitSlice<O, T::Alias>)>

Returns the first and all the rest of the bits of the slice, or None if it is empty.

Original

slice::split_first_mut

API Differences

This crate cannot manifest &mut bool references, and must use the BitRef proxy type where &mut bool exists in the standard library API. The proxy value must be bound as mut in order to write through it.

Because the references are permitted to use the same memory address, they are marked as aliasing in order to satisfy Rust’s requirements about freedom from data races.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let x = bits![mut 0, 0, 1];

if let Some((mut first, rest)) = x.split_first_mut() {
  *first = true;
  rest.set(0, true);
  rest.set(1, false);
}
assert_eq!(x, bits![1, 1, 0]);

pub fn split_last(&self) -> Option<(BitRef<'_, Const, O, T>, &Self)>

Returns the last and all the rest of the bits of the slice, or None if it is empty.

Original

slice::split_last

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let x = bits![0, 0, 1];

if let Some((last, rest)) = x.split_last() {
  assert_eq!(last, &true);
  assert_eq!(rest, bits![0; 2]);
}

pub fn split_last_mut(
    &mut self
) -> Option<(BitRef<'_, Mut, O, T::Alias>, &mut BitSlice<O, T::Alias>)>

Returns the last and all the rest of the bits of the slice, or None if it is empty.

Original

slice::split_last_mut

API Differences

This crate cannot manifest &mut bool references, and must use the BitRef proxy type where &mut bool exists in the standard library API. The proxy value must be bound as mut in order to write through it.

Because the references are permitted to use the same memory address, they are marked as aliasing in order to satisfy Rust’s requirements about freedom from data races.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let x = bits![mut 1, 0, 0];

if let Some((mut last, rest)) = x.split_last_mut() {
  *last = true;
  rest.set(0, false);
  rest.set(1, true);
}
assert_eq!(x, bits![0, 1, 1]);

pub fn last(&self) -> Option<BitRef<'_, Const, O, T>>

Returns the last bit of the slice, or None if it is empty.

Original

slice::last

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![0, 0, 1];
assert_eq!(Some(&true), v.last().as_deref());

let w = bits![];
assert_eq!(None, w.last());

pub fn last_mut(&mut self) -> Option<BitRef<'_, Mut, O, T>>

Returns a mutable pointer to the last bit in the slice.

Original

slice::last_mut

API Differences

This crate cannot manifest &mut bool references, and must use the BitRef proxy type where &mut bool exists in the standard library API. The proxy value must be bound as mut in order to write through it.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let x = bits![mut 0, 1, 0];

if let Some(mut last) = x.last_mut() {
  *last = true;
}
assert_eq!(x, bits![0, 1, 1]);

pub fn get<'a, I>(&'a self, index: I) -> Option<I::Immut> where
    I: BitSliceIndex<'a, O, T>, 

Returns a reference to a bit or subslice depending on the type of index.

• If given a position, returns a reference to the bit at that position or None if out of bounds.
• If given a range, returns the subslice corresponding to that range, or None if out of bounds.

Original

slice::get

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![0, 1, 0];
assert_eq!(Some(&true), v.get(1).as_deref());
assert_eq!(Some(bits![0, 1]), v.get(0 .. 2));
assert_eq!(None, v.get(3));
assert_eq!(None, v.get(0 .. 4));

pub fn get_mut<'a, I>(&'a mut self, index: I) -> Option<I::Mut> where
    I: BitSliceIndex<'a, O, T>, 

Returns a mutable reference to a bit or subslice depending on the type of index (see .get()) or None if the index is out of bounds.

Original

slice::get_mut

API Differences

This crate cannot manifest &mut bool references, and must use the BitRef proxy type where &mut bool exists in the standard library API. The proxy value must be bound as mut in order to write through it.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let x = bits![mut 0, 0, 1];

if let Some(mut bit) = x.get_mut(1) {
  *bit = true;
}
assert_eq!(x, bits![0, 1, 1]);

pub unsafe fn get_unchecked<'a, I>(&'a self, index: I) -> I::Immut where
    I: BitSliceIndex<'a, O, T>, 

Returns a reference to a bit or subslice, without doing bounds checking.

This is generally not recommended; use with caution! Calling this method with an out-of-bounds index is undefined behavior even if the resulting reference is not used. For a safe alternative, see .get().

Original

slice::get_unchecked

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let x = bits![0, 1, 0];

unsafe {
  assert_eq!(x.get_unchecked(1), &true);
}

pub unsafe fn get_unchecked_mut<'a, I>(&'a mut self, index: I) -> I::Mut where
    I: BitSliceIndex<'a, O, T>, 

Returns a mutable reference to a bit or subslice, without doing bounds checking.

This is generally not recommended; use with caution! Calling this method with an out-of-bounds index is undefined behavior even if the resulting reference is not used. For a safe alternative, see [.get_mut()].

Original

slice::get_unchecked_mut

API Differences

This crate cannot manifest &mut bool references, and must use the BitRef proxy type where &mut bool exists in the standard library API. The proxy value must be bound as mut in order to write through it.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let x = bits![mut 0; 3];
unsafe {
  let mut bit = x.get_unchecked_mut(1);
  *bit = true;
}
assert_eq!(x, bits![0, 1, 0]);

pub fn swap(&mut self, a: usize, b: usize)

Swaps two bits in the slice.

Original

slice::swap

Arguments

• a: The index of the first bit
• b: The index of the second bit

Panics

Panics if a or b are out of bounds.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![mut 0, 1, 1, 0];
v.swap(1, 3);
assert_eq!(v, bits![0, 0, 1, 1]);

pub fn reverse(&mut self)

Reverses the order of bits in the slice, in place.

Original

slice::reverse

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![mut 0, 1, 1];
v.reverse();
assert_eq!(v, bits![1, 1, 0]);

pub fn iter(&self) -> Iter<'_, O, T>

Returns an iterator over the slice.

Original

slice::iter

API Differences

This iterator yields BitRef proxy references, rather than &bool ordinary references. It does so in order to promote consistency in the crate, and make switching between immutable and mutable single-bit access easier.

The produced iterator has a by_ref adapter that yields &bool references, and a by_val adapter that yields bool values. Use these methods to fit this iterator into APIs that expect ordinary bool inputs.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let x = bits![0, 0, 1];
let mut iterator = x.iter();

assert_eq!(iterator.next().as_deref(), Some(&false));
assert_eq!(iterator.next().as_deref(), Some(&false));
assert_eq!(iterator.next().as_deref(), Some(&true));
assert_eq!(iterator.next().as_deref(), None);

pub fn iter_mut(&mut self) -> IterMut<'_, O, T>

Returns an iterator that allows modifying each bit.

Original

slice::iter_mut

API Differences

This crate cannot manifest &mut bool references, and must use the BitRef proxy type where &mut bool exists in the standard library API. The proxy value must be bound as mut in order to write through it.

This iterator marks each yielded item as aliased, as iterators can be used to yield multiple items into the same scope. If you are using the iterator in a manner that ensures that all yielded items have disjoint lifetimes, you can use the .remove_alias() adapter on it to remove the alias marker from the yielded subslices.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let x = bits![mut 0, 0, 1];
for mut bit in x.iter_mut() {
  *bit = !*bit;
}
assert_eq!(x, bits![1, 1, 0]);

pub fn windows(&self, size: usize) -> Windows<'_, O, T>

Returns an iterator over all contiguous windows of length size. The windows overlap. If the slice is shorter than size, the iterator returns no values.

Original

slice::windows

Panics

Panics if size is 0.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let slice = bits![0, 0, 1, 1];
let mut iter = slice.windows(2);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![0; 2]);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![0, 1]);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![1; 2]);
assert!(iter.next().is_none());

If the slice is shorter than size:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let slice = bits![0; 3];
let mut iter = slice.windows(4);
assert!(iter.next().is_none());

pub fn chunks(&self, chunk_size: usize) -> Chunks<'_, O, T>

Returns an iterator over chunk_size bits of the slice at a time, starting at the beginning of the slice.

The chunks are slices and do not overlap. If chunk_size does not divide the length of the slice, then the last chunk will not have length chunk_size.

See .chunks_exact() for a variant of this iterator that returns chunks of always exactly chunk_size bits, and .rchunks() for the same iterator but starting at the end of the slice.

Original

slice::chunks

Panics

Panics if chunk_size is 0.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let slice = bits![0, 1, 0, 0, 1];
let mut iter = slice.chunks(2);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![0, 1]);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![0, 0]);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![1]);
assert!(iter.next().is_none());

pub fn chunks_mut(&mut self, chunk_size: usize) -> ChunksMut<'_, O, T>

Returns an iterator over chunk_size bits of the slice at a time, starting at the beginning of the slice.

The chunks are mutable slices, and do not overlap. If chunk_size does not divide the length of the slice, then the last chunk will not have length chunk_size.

See .chunks_exact_mut() for a variant of this iterator that returns chunks of always exactly chunk_size bits, and .rchunks_mut() for the same iterator but starting at the end of the slice.

Original

slice::chunks_mut

API Differences

This iterator marks each yielded item as aliased, as iterators can be used to yield multiple items into the same scope. If you are using the iterator in a manner that ensures that all yielded items have disjoint lifetimes, you can use the .remove_alias() adapter on it to remove the alias marker from the yielded subslices.

Panics

Panics if chunk_size is 0.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![mut 0; 5];
let mut count = 1;

for chunk in v.chunks_mut(2) {
  for mut bit in chunk.iter_mut() {
    *bit = count % 2 == 0;
  }
  count += 1;
}
assert_eq!(v, bits![0, 0, 1, 1, 0]);

pub fn chunks_exact(&self, chunk_size: usize) -> ChunksExact<'_, O, T>

Returns an iterator over chunk_size bits of the slice at a time, starting at the beginning of the slice.

The chunks are slices and do not overlap. If chunk_size does not divide the length of the slice, then the last up to chunk_size-1 bits will be omitted and can be retrieved from the .remainder() method of the iterator.

Due to each chunk having exactly chunk_size bits, the compiler may be able to optimize the resulting code better than in the case of .chunks().

See .chunks() for a variant of this iterator that also returns the remainder as a smaller chunk, and .rchunks_exact() for the same iterator but starting at the end of the slice.

Original

slice::chunks_exact

Panics

Panics if chunk_size is 0.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let slice = bits![0, 1, 1, 0, 0];
let mut iter = slice.chunks_exact(2);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![0, 1]);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![1, 0]);
assert!(iter.next().is_none());
assert_eq!(iter.remainder(), bits![0]);

pub fn chunks_exact_mut(
    &mut self,
    chunk_size: usize
) -> ChunksExactMut<'_, O, T>

Returns an iterator over chunk_size bits of the slice at a time, starting at the beginning of the slice.

The chunks are mutable slices, and do not overlap. If chunk_size does not divide the length of the slice, then the last up to chunk_size-1 bits will be omitted and can be retrieved from the .into_remainder() method of the iterator.

Due to each chunk having exactly chunk_size bits, the compiler may be able to optimize the resulting code better than in the case of .chunks_mut().

See .chunks_mut() for a variant of this iterator that also returns the remainder as a smaller chunk, and .rchunks_exact_mut() for the same iterator but starting at the end of the slice.

Original

slice::chunks_exact_mut

API Differences

This iterator marks each yielded item as aliased, as iterators can be used to yield multiple items into the same scope. If you are using the iterator in a manner that ensures that all yielded items have disjoint lifetimes, you can use the .remove_alias() adapter on it to remove the alias marker from the yielded subslices.

Panics

Panics if chunk_size is 0.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![mut 0; 5];

for chunk in v.chunks_exact_mut(2) {
  chunk.set_all(true);
}
assert_eq!(v, bits![1, 1, 1, 1, 0]);

pub fn rchunks(&self, chunk_size: usize) -> RChunks<'_, O, T>

Returns an iterator over chunk_size bits of the slice at a time, starting at the end of the slice.

The chunks are slices and do not overlap. If chunk_size does not divide the length of the slice, then the last chunk will not have length chunk_size.

See .rchunks_exact() for a variant of this iterator that returns chunks of always exactly chunk_size bits, and .chunks() for the same iterator but starting at the beginning of the slice.

Original

slice::rchunks

Panics

Panics if chunk_size is 0.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let slice = bits![0, 1, 0, 0, 1];
let mut iter = slice.rchunks(2);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![0, 1]);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![1, 0]);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![0]);
assert!(iter.next().is_none());

pub fn rchunks_mut(&mut self, chunk_size: usize) -> RChunksMut<'_, O, T>

Returns an iterator over chunk_size bits of the slice at a time, starting at the end of the slice.

The chunks are mutable slices, and do not overlap. If chunk_size does not divide the length of the slice, then the last chunk will not have length chunk_size.

See .rchunks_exact_mut() for a variant of this iterator that returns chunks of always exactly chunk_size bits, and .chunks_mut() for the same iterator but starting at the beginning of the slice.

Original

slice::rchunks_mut

API Differences

This iterator marks each yielded item as aliased, as iterators can be used to yield multiple items into the same scope. If you are using the iterator in a manner that ensures that all yielded items have disjoint lifetimes, you can use the .remove_alias() adapter on it to remove the alias marker from the yielded subslices.

Panics

Panics if chunk_size is 0.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![mut 0; 5];
let mut count = 1;

for chunk in v.rchunks_mut(2) {
  for mut bit in chunk.iter_mut() {
    *bit = count % 2 == 0;
  }
  count += 1;
}
assert_eq!(v, bits![0, 1, 1, 0, 0]);

pub fn rchunks_exact(&self, chunk_size: usize) -> RChunksExact<'_, O, T>

Returns an iterator over chunk_size bits of the slice at a time, starting at the end of the slice.

The chunks are slices and do not overlap. If chunk_size does not divide the length of the slice, then the last up to chunk_size-1 bits will be omitted and can be retrieved from the .remainder() method of the iterator.

Due to each chunk having exactly chunk_size bits, the compiler may be able to optimize the resulting code better than in the case of .rchunks().

See .rchunks() for a variant of this iterator that also returns the remainder as a smaller chunk, and .chunks_exact() for the same iterator but starting at the beginning of the slice.

Original

slice::rchunks_exact

Panics

Panics if chunk_size is 0.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let slice = bits![0, 0, 1, 1, 0];
let mut iter = slice.rchunks_exact(2);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![1, 0]);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![0, 1]);
assert!(iter.next().is_none());
assert_eq!(iter.remainder(), bits![0]);

pub fn rchunks_exact_mut(
    &mut self,
    chunk_size: usize
) -> RChunksExactMut<'_, O, T>

Returns an iterator over chunk_size bits of the slice at a time, starting at the end of the slice.

The chunks are mutable slices, and do not overlap. If chunk_size does not divide the length of the slice, then the last up to chunk_size-1 bits will be omitted and can be retrieved from the .into_remainder() method of the iterator.

Due to each chunk having exactly chunk_size bits, the compiler may be able to optimize the resulting code better than in the case of .rchunks_mut().

See .rchunks_mut() for a variant of this iterator that also returns the remainder as a smaller chunk, and .chunks_exact_mut() for the same iterator but starting at the beginning of the slice.

Original

slice::rchunks_exact_mut

API Differences

This iterator marks each yielded item as aliased, as iterators can be used to yield multiple items into the same scope. If you are using the iterator in a manner that ensures that all yielded items have disjoint lifetimes, you can use the .remove_alias() adapter on it to remove the alias marker from the yielded subslices.

Panics

Panics if chunk_size is 0.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![mut 0; 5];

for chunk in v.rchunks_exact_mut(2) {
  chunk.set_all(true);
}
assert_eq!(v, bits![0, 1, 1, 1, 1]);

pub fn split_at(&self, mid: usize) -> (&Self, &Self)

Divides one slice into two at an index.

The first will contain all indices from [0, mid) (excluding the index mid itself) and the second will contain all indices from [mid, len) (excluding the index len itself).

Original

slice::split_at

Panics

Panics if mid > len.

Behavior

When mid is 0 or self.len(), then the left or right return values, respectively, are empty slices. Empty slice references produced by this method are specified to have the address information you would expect: a left empty slice has the same base address and start bit as self, and a right empty slice will have its address raised by self.len().

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1];

{
  let (left, right) = v.split_at(0);
  assert_eq!(left, bits![]);
  assert_eq!(right, v);
}

{
  let (left, right) = v.split_at(2);
  assert_eq!(left, bits![0, 0]);
  assert_eq!(right, bits![0, 1, 1, 1]);
}

{
  let (left, right) = v.split_at(6);
  assert_eq!(left, v);
  assert_eq!(right, bits![]);
}

pub fn split_at_mut(
    &mut self,
    mid: usize
) -> (&mut BitSlice<O, T::Alias>, &mut BitSlice<O, T::Alias>)

Divides one mutable slice into two at an index.

The first will contain all indices from [0, mid) (excluding the index mid itself) and the second will contain all indices from [mid, len) (excluding the index len itself).

Original

slice::split_at_mut

API Differences

The partition index mid may occur anywhere in the slice, and as a result the two returned slices may both have write access to the memory address containing mid. As such, the returned slices must be marked with T::Alias in order to correctly manage memory access going forward.

This marking is applied to all memory accesses in both slices, regardless of whether any future accesses actually require it. To limit the alias marking to only the addresses that need it, use [.bit_domain()] or [.bit_domain_mut()] to split either slice into its aliased and unaliased subslices.

Panics

Panics if mid > len.

Behavior

When mid is 0 or self.len(), then the left or right return values, respectively, are empty slices. Empty slice references produced by this method are specified to have the address information you would expect: a left empty slice has the same base address and start bit as self, and a right empty slice will have its address raised by self.len().

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![mut 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1];
// scoped to restrict the lifetime of the borrows
{
  let (left, right) = v.split_at_mut(2);
  assert_eq!(left, bits![0, 0]);
  assert_eq!(right, bits![0, 1, 1, 1]);

  left.set(1, true);
  right.set(1, false);
}
assert_eq!(v, bits![0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1]);

pub fn split<F>(&self, pred: F) -> Split<'_, O, T, F> where
    F: FnMut(usize, &bool) -> bool, 

Returns an iterator over subslices separated by bits that match pred. The matched bit is not contained in the subslices.

Original

slice::split

API Differences

In order to allow more than one bit of information for the split decision, the predicate receives the index of each bit, as well as its value.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let slice = bits![0, 1, 1, 0];
let mut iter = slice.split(|pos, _bit| pos % 3 == 2);

assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![0, 1]);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![0]);
assert!(iter.next().is_none());

If the first bit is matched, an empty slice will be the first item returned by the iterator. Similarly, if the last bit in the slice is matched, an empty slice will be the last item returned by the iterator:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let slice = bits![0, 0, 1];
let mut iter = slice.split(|_pos, bit| *bit);

assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![0, 0]);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![]);
assert!(iter.next().is_none());

If two matched bits are directly adjacent, an empty slice will be present between them:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let slice = bits![1, 0, 0, 1];
let mut iter = slice.split(|_pos, bit| !*bit);

assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![1]);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![]);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![1]);
assert!(iter.next().is_none());

pub fn split_mut<F>(&mut self, pred: F) -> SplitMut<'_, O, T, F> where
    F: FnMut(usize, &bool) -> bool, 

Returns an iterator over mutable subslices separated by bits that match pred. The matched bit is not contained in the subslices.

Original

slice::split_mut

API Differences

In order to allow more than one bit of information for the split decision, the predicate receives the index of each bit, as well as its value.

This iterator marks each yielded item as aliased, as iterators can be used to yield multiple items into the same scope. If you are using the iterator in a manner that ensures that all yielded items have disjoint lifetimes, you can use the .remove_alias() adapter on it to remove the alias marker from the yielded subslices.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![mut 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0];
for group in v.split_mut(|_pos, bit| *bit) {
  group.set(0, true);
}
assert_eq!(v, bits![1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1]);

pub fn rsplit<F>(&self, pred: F) -> RSplit<'_, O, T, F> where
    F: FnMut(usize, &bool) -> bool, 

Returns an iterator over subslices separated by bits that match pred, starting at the end of the slice and working backwards. The matched bit is not contained in the subslices.

Original

slice::rsplit

API Differences

In order to allow more than one bit of information for the split decision, the predicate receives the index of each bit, as well as its value.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let slice = bits![1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1];
let mut iter = slice.rsplit(|_pos, bit| !*bit);

assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![1; 2]);
assert_eq!(iter.next().unwrap(), bits![1; 3]);
assert!(iter.next().is_none());

As with .split(), if the first or last bit is matched, an empty slice will be the first (or last) item returned by the iterator.

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1];
let mut it = v.rsplit(|_pos, bit| *bit);
assert_eq!(it.next().unwrap(), bits![]);
assert_eq!(it.next().unwrap(), bits![0; 2]);
assert_eq!(it.next().unwrap(), bits![0; 2]);
assert_eq!(it.next().unwrap(), bits![]);
assert!(it.next().is_none());

pub fn rsplit_mut<F>(&mut self, pred: F) -> RSplitMut<'_, O, T, F> where
    F: FnMut(usize, &bool) -> bool, 

Returns an iterator over mutable subslices separated by bits that match pred, starting at the end of the slice and working backwards. The matched bit is not contained in the subslices.

Original

slice::rsplit_mut

API Differences

In order to allow more than one bit of information for the split decision, the predicate receives the index of each bit, as well as its value.

This iterator marks each yielded item as aliased, as iterators can be used to yield multiple items into the same scope. If you are using the iterator in a manner that ensures that all yielded items have disjoint lifetimes, you can use the .remove_alias() adapter on it to remove the alias marker from the yielded subslices.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![mut 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0];
for group in v.rsplit_mut(|_pos, bit| *bit) {
  group.set(0, true);
}
assert_eq!(v, bits![1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1]);

pub fn splitn<F>(&self, n: usize, pred: F) -> SplitN<'_, O, T, F> where
    F: FnMut(usize, &bool) -> bool, 

Returns an iterator over subslices separated by bits that match pred, limited to returning at most n items. The matched bit is not contained in the subslices.

The last item returned, if any, will contain the remainder of the slice.

Original

slice::splitn

API Differences

In order to allow more than one bit of information for the split decision, the predicate receives the index of each bit, as well as its value.

Examples

Print the slice split once by set bits (i.e., [0, 0,], [0, 1, 0]):

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0];

for group in v.splitn(2, |_pos, bit| *bit) {
  println!("{:b}", group);
}

pub fn splitn_mut<F>(&mut self, n: usize, pred: F) -> SplitNMut<'_, O, T, F> where
    F: FnMut(usize, &bool) -> bool, 

Returns an iterator over subslices separated by bits that match pred, limited to returning at most n items. The matched bit is not contained in the subslices.

The last item returned, if any, will contain the remainder of the slice.

Original

slice::splitn_mut

API Differences

In order to allow more than one bit of information for the split decision, the predicate receives the index of each bit, as well as its value.

This iterator marks each yielded item as aliased, as iterators can be used to yield multiple items into the same scope. If you are using the iterator in a manner that ensures that all yielded items have disjoint lifetimes, you can use the .remove_alias() adapter on it to remove the alias marker from the yielded subslices.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![mut 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0];

for group in v.splitn_mut(2, |_pos, bit| *bit) {
  group.set(0, true);
}
assert_eq!(v, bits![1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0]);

pub fn rsplitn<F>(&self, n: usize, pred: F) -> RSplitN<'_, O, T, F> where
    F: FnMut(usize, &bool) -> bool, 

Returns an iterator over subslices separated by bits that match pred, limited to returning at most n items. This starts at the end of the slice and works backwards. The matched bit is not contained in the subslices.

The last item returned, if any, will contain the remainder of the slice.

Original

slice::rsplitn

API Differences

In order to allow more than one bit of information for the split decision, the predicate receives the index of each bit, as well as its value.

Examples

Print the slice split once, starting from the end, by set bits (i.e., [0], [0, 0, 1, 0]):

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0];

for group in v.rsplitn(2, |_pos, bit| *bit) {
  println!("{:b}", group);
}

pub fn rsplitn_mut<F>(&mut self, n: usize, pred: F) -> RSplitNMut<'_, O, T, F> where
    F: FnMut(usize, &bool) -> bool, 

Returns an iterator over subslices separated by bits that match pred, limited to returning at most n items. This starts at the end of the slice and works backwards. The matched bit is not contained in the subslices.

The last item returned, if any, will contain the remainder of the slice.

Original

slice::rsplitn_mut

API Differences

In order to allow more than one bit of information for the split decision, the predicate receives the index of each bit, as well as its value.

This iterator marks each yielded item as aliased, as iterators can be used to yield multiple items into the same scope. If you are using the iterator in a manner that ensures that all yielded items have disjoint lifetimes, you can use the .remove_alias() adapter on it to remove the alias marker from the yielded subslices.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![mut 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0];

for group in v.rsplitn_mut(2, |_pos, bit| *bit) {
  group.set(0, true);
}
assert_eq!(v, bits![1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1]);

pub fn contains<O2, T2>(&self, x: &BitSlice<O2, T2>) -> bool where
    O2: BitOrder,
    T2: BitStore, 

Returns true if the slice contains a subslice that matches the given span.

Original

slice::contains

API Differences

This searches for a matching subslice (allowing different type parameters) rather than for a specific bit. Searching for a contained element with a given value is not as useful on a collection of bool.

Furthermore, BitSlice defines any and not_all, which are optimized searchers for any true or false bit, respectively, in a sequence.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let data = 0b0101_1010u8;
let bits_msb = data.view_bits::<Msb0>();
let bits_lsb = data.view_bits::<Lsb0>();
assert!(bits_msb.contains(&bits_lsb[1 .. 5]));

This example uses a palindrome pattern to demonstrate that the slice being searched for does not need to have the same type parameters as the slice being searched.

pub fn starts_with<O2, T2>(&self, needle: &BitSlice<O2, T2>) -> bool where
    O2: BitOrder,
    T2: BitStore, 

Returns true if needle is a prefix of the slice.

Original

slice::starts_with

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![0, 1, 0, 0];
assert!(v.starts_with(bits![0]));
assert!(v.starts_with(bits![0, 1]));
assert!(!v.starts_with(bits![1]));
assert!(!v.starts_with(bits![1, 0]));

Always returns true if needle is an empty slice:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![0, 1, 0];
assert!(v.starts_with(bits![]));
let v = bits![];
assert!(v.starts_with(bits![]));

pub fn ends_with<O2, T2>(&self, needle: &BitSlice<O2, T2>) -> bool where
    O2: BitOrder,
    T2: BitStore, 

Returns true if needle is a suffix of the slice.

Original

slice::ends_with

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![0, 1, 0, 0];
assert!(v.ends_with(bits![0]));
assert!(v.ends_with(bits![0; 2]));
assert!(!v.ends_with(bits![1]));
assert!(!v.ends_with(bits![1, 0]));

Always returns true if needle is an empty slice:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let v = bits![0, 1, 0];
assert!(v.ends_with(bits![]));
let v = bits![];
assert!(v.ends_with(bits![]));

pub fn rotate_left(&mut self, by: usize)

Rotates the slice in-place such that the first by bits of the slice move to the end while the last self.len() - by bits move to the front. After calling .rotate_left(), the bit previously at index by will become the first bit in the slice.

Original

slice::rotate_left

Panics

This function will panic if by is greater than the length of the slice. Note that by == self.len() does not panic and is a noöp.

Complexity

Takes linear (in self.len()) time.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let a = bits![mut 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0];
a.rotate_left(2);
assert_eq!(a, bits![1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0]);

Rotating a subslice:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let a = bits![mut 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1];
a[1 .. 5].rotate_left(1);
assert_eq!(a, bits![0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1]);

pub fn rotate_right(&mut self, by: usize)

Rotates the slice in-place such that the first self.len() - by bits of the slice move to the end while the last by bits move to the front. After calling .rotate_right(), the bit previously at index `self.len()

• by` will become the first bit in the slice.

Original

slice::rotate_right

Panics

This function will panic if by is greater than the length of the slice. Note that by == self.len() does not panic and is a noöp.

Complexity

Takes linear (in self.len()) time.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let a = bits![mut 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0];
a.rotate_right(2);
assert_eq!(a, bits![1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1]);

Rotating a subslice:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let a = bits![mut 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1];
a[1 .. 5].rotate_right(1);
assert_eq!(a, bits![0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1]);

pub fn copy_within<R>(&mut self, src: R, dest: usize) where
    R: RangeBounds<usize>, 

Copies bits from one part of the slice to another part of itself.

src is the range within self to copy from. dest is the starting index of the range within self to copy to, which will have the same length as src. The two ranges may overlap. The ends of the two ranges must be less than or equal to self.len().

Original

slice::copy_within

Panics

This function will panic if either range exceeds the end of the slice, or if the end of src is before the start.

Examples

Copying four bits within a slice:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![mut 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0];

bits.copy_within(1 .. 5, 8);

assert_eq!(bits, bits![1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0]);

pub unsafe fn align_to<U>(&self) -> (&Self, &BitSlice<O, U>, &Self) where
    U: BitStore, 

Transmute the bit-slice to a bit-slice of another type, ensuring alignment of the types is maintained.

Original

slice::align_to

API Differences

Type U is required to have the same BitStore type family as type T. If T is a fundamental integer, so must U be; if T is an ::Alias type, then so must U. Changing the type family with this method is unsound and strictly forbidden. Unfortunately, this cannot be encoded in the type system, so you are required to abide by this limitation yourself.

Implementation

The algorithm used to implement this function attempts to create the widest possible span for the middle slice. However, the slice divisions must abide by the Domain restrictions: the left and right slices produced by this function will include the head and tail elements of the domain (if present), as well as the left and right subslices (if any) produced by calling slice::align_to on the domain body (if present).

The standard library implementation currently maximizes the width of the center slice, but its API does not guarantee this property, and retains the right to produce pessimal slices. As such, this function cannot guarantee maximal center slice width either, and you cannot rely on this behavior for correctness of your work; it is only a possible performance improvement.

Safety

This method is essentially a mem::transmute with respect to the memory region in the retured middle slice, so all of the usual caveats pertaining to mem::transmute::<T, U> also apply here.

Examples

Basic usage:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

unsafe {
  let bytes: [u8; 7] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7];
  let bits = bytes.view_bits::<LocalBits>();
  let (prefix, shorts, suffix) = bits.align_to::<u16>();
  match prefix.len() {
    0 => {
      assert_eq!(shorts, bits[.. 48]);
      assert_eq!(suffix, bits[48 ..]);
    },
    8 => {
      assert_eq!(prefix, bits[.. 8]);
      assert_eq!(shorts, bits[8 ..]);
    },
    _ => unreachable!("This case will not occur")
  }
}

pub unsafe fn align_to_mut<U>(
    &mut self
) -> (&mut Self, &mut BitSlice<O, U>, &mut Self) where
    U: BitStore, 

Transmute the bit-slice to a bit-slice of another type, ensuring alignment of the types is maintained.

Original

slice::align_to_mut

API Differences

Type U is required to have the same BitStore type family as type T. If T is a fundamental integer, so must U be; if T is an ::Alias type, then so must U. Changing the type family with this method is unsound and strictly forbidden. Unfortunately, this cannot be encoded in the type system, so you are required to abide by this limitation yourself.

Implementation

The algorithm used to implement this function attempts to create the widest possible span for the middle slice. However, the slice divisions must abide by the DomainMut restrictions: the left and right slices produced by this function will include the head and tail elements of the domain (if present), as well as the left and right subslices (if any) produced by calling slice::align_to_mut on the domain body (if present).

The standard library implementation currently maximizes the width of the center slice, but its API does not guarantee this property, and retains the right to produce pessimal slices. As such, this function cannot guarantee maximal center slice width either, and you cannot rely on this behavior for correctness of your work; it is only a possible performance improvement.

Safety

This method is essentially a mem::transmute with respect to the memory region in the retured middle slice, so all of the usual caveats pertaining to mem::transmute::<T, U> also apply here.

Examples

Basic usage:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

unsafe {
  let mut bytes: [u8; 7] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7];
  let bits = bytes.view_bits_mut::<LocalBits>();
  let (prefix, shorts, suffix) = bits.align_to_mut::<u16>();
  //  same access and behavior as in `align_to`
}

pub fn repeat(&self, n: usize) -> BitVec<O, T::Unalias>

Creates a vector by repeating a slice n times.

Original

slice::repeat

Panics

This function will panic if the capacity would overflow.

Examples

Basic usage:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

assert_eq!(bits![0, 1].repeat(3), bits![0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1]);

A panic upon overflow:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

// this will panic at runtime
bits![0, 1].repeat(BitSlice::<LocalBits, usize>::MAX_BITS);

pub fn set(&mut self, index: usize, value: bool)

Writes a new bit at a given index.

Parameters

• &mut self
• index: The bit index at which to write. It must be in the range 0 .. self.len().
• value: The value to be written; true for 1 or false for 0.

Effects

If index is valid, then the bit to which it refers is set to value.

Panics

This method panics if index is not less than self.len().

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![mut 0];

assert!(!bits[0]);
bits.set(0, true);
assert!(bits[0]);

This example panics when it attempts to set a bit that is out of bounds.

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![mut 0];
bits.set(1, false);

pub fn set_aliased(&self, index: usize, value: bool) where
    T: Radium, 

Writes a new bit at a given index.

This method supports writing through a shared reference to a bit that may be observed by other BitSlice handles. It is only present when the T type parameter supports such shared mutation (measured by the Radium trait).

Parameters

• &self
• index: The bit index at which to write. It must be in the range 0 .. self.len().
• value: The value to be written; true for 1 or false for 0.

Effects

If index is valid, then the bit to which it refers is set to value. If T is an atomic, this will lock the memory bus for the referent address, and may cause stalls.

Panics

This method panics if index is not less than self.len().

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;
use core::cell::Cell;

let byte = Cell::new(0u8);
let bits = byte.view_bits::<Msb0>();
let bits_2 = bits;

bits.set_aliased(1, true);
assert!(bits_2[1]);

This example panics when it attempts to set a bit that is out of bounds.

use bitvec::prelude::*;
use core::cell::Cell;

let byte = Cell::new(0u8);
let bits = byte.view_bits::<Lsb0>();
bits.set_aliased(8, false);

pub fn any(&self) -> bool

Tests if any bit in the slice is set (logical ∨).

Truth Table

0 0 => 0
0 1 => 1
1 0 => 1
1 1 => 1

Parameters

• &self

Returns

Whether any bit in the slice domain is set. The empty slice returns false.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![0, 1, 0, 0];
assert!(bits[.. 2].any());
assert!(!bits[2 ..].any());

pub fn all(&self) -> bool

Tests if all bits in the slice domain are set (logical ∧).

Truth Table

0 0 => 0
0 1 => 0
1 0 => 0
1 1 => 1

Parameters

• &self

Returns

Whether all bits in the slice domain are set. The empty slice returns true.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![1, 1, 0, 1];
assert!(bits[.. 2].all());
assert!(!bits[2 ..].all());

pub fn not_any(&self) -> bool

Tests if all bits in the slice are unset (logical ¬∨).

Truth Table

0 0 => 1
0 1 => 0
1 0 => 0
1 1 => 0

Parameters

• &self

Returns

Whether all bits in the slice domain are unset.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![0, 1, 0, 0];
assert!(!bits[.. 2].not_any());
assert!(bits[2 ..].not_any());

pub fn not_all(&self) -> bool

Tests if any bit in the slice is unset (logical ¬∧).

Truth Table

0 0 => 1
0 1 => 1
1 0 => 1
1 1 => 0

Parameters

• &self

Returns

Whether any bit in the slice domain is unset.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![1, 1, 0, 1];
assert!(!bits[.. 2].not_all());
assert!(bits[2 ..].not_all());

pub fn some(&self) -> bool

Tests whether the slice has some, but not all, bits set and some, but not all, bits unset.

This is false if either .all() or .not_any() are true.

Truth Table

0 0 => 0
0 1 => 1
1 0 => 1
1 1 => 0

Parameters

• &self

Returns

Whether the slice domain has mixed content. The empty slice returns false.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let data = 0b111_000_10u8;
let bits = bits![1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0];

assert!(!bits[.. 2].some());
assert!(!bits[2 .. 4].some());
assert!(bits.some());

pub fn count_ones(&self) -> usize

Counts the number of bits set to 1 in the slice contents.

Parameters

• &self

Returns

The number of bits in the slice domain that are set to 1.

Examples

Basic usage:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![1, 1, 0, 0];
assert_eq!(bits[.. 2].count_ones(), 2);
assert_eq!(bits[2 ..].count_ones(), 0);

pub fn count_zeros(&self) -> usize

Counts the number of bits cleared to 0 in the slice contents.

Parameters

• &self

Returns

The number of bits in the slice domain that are cleared to 0.

Examples

Basic usage:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![1, 1, 0, 0];
assert_eq!(bits[.. 2].count_zeros(), 0);
assert_eq!(bits[2 ..].count_zeros(), 2);

pub fn iter_ones(&self) -> IterOnes<'_, O, T>

Enumerates all bits in a BitSlice that are set to 1.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1];
let mut indices = [1, 4, 8].iter().copied();

let mut iter_ones = bits.iter_ones();
let mut compose = bits.iter()
  .copied()
  .enumerate()
  .filter_map(|(idx, bit)| if bit { Some(idx) } else { None });

for ((a, b), c) in iter_ones.zip(compose).zip(indices) {
  assert_eq!(a, b);
  assert_eq!(b, c);
}

pub fn iter_zeros(&self) -> IterZeros<'_, O, T>

Enumerates all bits in a BitSlice that are cleared to 0.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0];
let mut indices = [1, 4, 8].iter().copied();

let mut iter_zeros = bits.iter_zeros();
let mut compose = bits.iter()
  .copied()
  .enumerate()
  .filter_map(|(idx, bit)| if !bit { Some(idx) } else { None });

for ((a, b), c) in iter_zeros.zip(compose).zip(indices) {
  assert_eq!(a, b);
  assert_eq!(b, c);
}

pub fn first_one(&self) -> Option<usize>

Gets the index of the first bit in the bit-slice set to 1.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

assert!(bits![].first_one().is_none());
assert_eq!(bits![0, 0, 1].first_one().unwrap(), 2);

pub fn first_zero(&self) -> Option<usize>

Gets the index of the first bit in the bit-slice set to 0.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

assert!(bits![].first_zero().is_none());
assert_eq!(bits![1, 1, 0].first_zero().unwrap(), 2);

pub fn last_one(&self) -> Option<usize>

Gets the index of the last bit in the bit-slice set to 1.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

assert!(bits![].last_one().is_none());
assert_eq!(bits![1, 0, 0, 1].last_one().unwrap(), 3);

pub fn last_zero(&self) -> Option<usize>

Gets the index of the last bit in the bit-slice set to 0.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

assert!(bits![].last_zero().is_none());
assert_eq!(bits![0, 1, 1, 0].last_zero().unwrap(), 3);

pub fn leading_ones(&self) -> usize

Counts the number of bits from the start of the bit-slice to the first bit set to 0.

This returns 0 if the bit-slice is empty.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

assert_eq!(bits![].leading_ones(), 0);
assert_eq!(bits![0].leading_ones(), 0);
assert_eq!(bits![1, 0, 1, 1].leading_ones(), 1);
assert_eq!(bits![1, 1, 1, 1].leading_ones(), 4);

pub fn leading_zeros(&self) -> usize

Counts the number of bits from the start of the bit-slice to the first bit set to 1.

This returns 0 if the bit-slice is empty.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

assert_eq!(bits![].leading_zeros(), 0);
assert_eq!(bits![1].leading_zeros(), 0);
assert_eq!(bits![0, 1, 0, 0].leading_zeros(), 1);
assert_eq!(bits![0, 0, 0, 0].leading_zeros(), 4);

pub fn trailing_ones(&self) -> usize

Counts the number of bits from the end of the bit-slice to the last bit set to 0.

This returns 0 if the bit-slice is empty.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

assert_eq!(bits![].trailing_ones(), 0);
assert_eq!(bits![0].trailing_ones(), 0);
assert_eq!(bits![1, 0, 1, 1].trailing_ones(), 2);

pub fn trailing_zeros(&self) -> usize

Counts the number of bits from the end of the bit-slice to the last bit set to 1.

This returns 0 if the bit-slice is empty.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

assert_eq!(bits![].trailing_zeros(), 0);
assert_eq!(bits![1].trailing_zeros(), 0);
assert_eq!(bits![0, 1, 0, 0].trailing_zeros(), 2);

pub fn clone_from_bitslice<O2, T2>(&mut self, src: &BitSlice<O2, T2>) where
    O2: BitOrder,
    T2: BitStore, 

Copies the bits from src into self.

The length of src must be the same as `self.

If src has the same type arguments as self, it can be more performant to use .copy_from_bitslice().

Original

slice::clone_from_bitslice

API Differences

This method is renamed, as it takes a bit slice rather than an element slice.

Panics

This function will panic if the two slices have different lengths.

Examples

Cloning two bits from a slice into another:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let src = bits![Msb0, u16; 1; 4];
let dst = bits![mut Lsb0, u8; 0; 2];

dst.clone_from_bitslice(&src[2 ..]);
assert_eq!(dst, bits![1; 2]);

Rust enforces that there can only be one mutable reference with no immutable references to a particular piece of data in a particular scope. Because of this, attempting to use clone_from_slice on a single slice will result in a compile failure:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let slice = bits![mut 0, 0, 0, 1, 1];
slice[.. 2].clone_from_bitslice(&slice[3 ..]); // compile fail!

To work around this, we can use .split_at_mut() to create two distinct sub-slices from a slice:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let slice = bits![mut 0, 0, 0, 1, 1];

{
  let (left, right) = slice.split_at_mut(2);
  left.clone_from_bitslice(&right[1 ..]);
}

assert_eq!(slice, bits![1, 1, 0, 1, 1]);

Performance

If self and src use the same type arguments, this specializes to .copy_from_bitslice(); if you know statically that this is the case, prefer to call that method directly and avoid the cost of detection at runtime. Otherwise, this is a bit-by-bit crawl across both slices, which is a slow process.

pub fn copy_from_bitslice(&mut self, src: &Self)

Copies all bits from src into self, using a memcpy wherever possible.

The length of src must be same as self.

If src does not use the same type arguments as self, use .clone_from_bitslice().

Original

slice::copy_from_slice

API Differences

This method is renamed, as it takes a bit slice rather than an element slice.

Panics

This function will panic if the two slices have different lengths.

Examples

Copying two bits from a slice into another:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let src = bits![1; 4];
let dst = bits![mut 0; 2];

// Because the slices have to be the same length,
// we slice the source slice from four bits to
// two. It will panic if we don't do this.
dst.clone_from_bitslice(&src[2..]);

Rust enforces that there can only be one mutable reference with no immutable references to a particular piece of data in a particular scope. Because of this, attempting to use [.copy_from_slice()] on a single slice will result in a compile failure:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let slice = bits![mut 0, 0, 0, 1, 1];

slice[.. 2].copy_from_bitslice(&bits[3 ..]); // compile fail!

To work around this, we can use .split_at_mut() to create two distinct sub-slices from a slice:

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let slice = bits![mut 0, 0, 0, 1, 1];

{
  let (left, right) = slice.split_at_mut(2);
  left.copy_from_bitslice(&right[1 ..]);
}

assert_eq!(slice, bits![1, 1, 0, 1, 1]);

pub fn swap_with_bitslice<O2, T2>(&mut self, other: &mut BitSlice<O2, T2>) where
    O2: BitOrder,
    T2: BitStore, 

Swaps all bits in self with those in other.

The length of other must be the same as self.

Original

slice::swap_with_slice

API Differences

This method is renamed, as it takes a bit slice rather than an element slice.

Panics

This function will panic if the two slices have different lengths.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut one = [0xA5u8, 0x69];
let mut two = 0x1234u16;
let one_bits = one.view_bits_mut::<Msb0>();
let two_bits = two.view_bits_mut::<Lsb0>();

one_bits.swap_with_bitslice(two_bits);

assert_eq!(one, [0x2C, 0x48]);
assert_eq!(two, 0x96A5);

pub fn shift_left(&mut self, by: usize)

Shifts the contents of a bit-slice left (towards index 0).

This moves the contents of the slice from by .. down to 0 .. len - by, and erases len - by .. to 0. As this is a destructive (and linearly expensive) operation, you may prefer instead to use range subslicing.

Parameters

• &mut self
• by: The distance by which to shift the slice contents.

Panics

This panics if by is not less than self.len().

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![mut 1; 6];
bits.shift_left(2);
assert_eq!(bits, bits![1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0]);

pub fn shift_right(&mut self, by: usize)

Shifts the contents of a bit-slice right (towards index self.len()).

This moves the contents of the slice from .. len - by up to by .., and erases .. by to 0. As this is a destructive (and linearly expensive) operation, you may prefer instead to use range subslicing.

Parameters

• &mut self
• by: The distance by which to shift the slice contents.

Panics

This panics if by is not less than self.len().

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![mut 1; 6];
bits.shift_right(2);
assert_eq!(bits, bits![0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1]);

pub fn set_all(&mut self, value: bool)

Sets all bits in the slice to a value.

Parameters

• &mut self
• value: The bit value to which all bits in the slice will be set.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut src = 0u8;
let bits = src.view_bits_mut::<Msb0>();
bits[2 .. 6].set_all(true);
assert_eq!(bits.as_slice(), &[0b0011_1100]);
bits[3 .. 5].set_all(false);
assert_eq!(bits.as_slice(), &[0b0010_0100]);
bits[.. 1].set_all(true);
assert_eq!(bits.as_slice(), &[0b1010_0100]);

pub fn for_each<F>(&mut self, func: F) where
    F: FnMut(usize, bool) -> bool, 

Applies a function to each bit in the slice.

BitSlice cannot implement IndexMut, as it cannot manifest &mut bool references, and the BitRef proxy reference has an unavoidable overhead. This method bypasses both problems, by applying a function to each pair of index and value in the slice, without constructing a proxy reference. Benchmarks indicate that this method is about 2–4 times faster than the .iter_mut().enumerate() equivalent.

Parameters

• &mut self
• func: A function which receives two arguments, index: usize and value: bool, and returns a bool.

Effects

For each index in the slice, the result of invoking func with the index number and current bit value is written into the slice.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut data = 0u8;
let bits = data.view_bits_mut::<Msb0>();
bits.for_each(|idx, _bit| idx % 3 == 0);
assert_eq!(data, 0b100_100_10);

pub fn offset_from(&self, other: &Self) -> isize

Produces the absolute offset in bits between two slice heads.

While this method is sound for any two arbitrary bit slices, the answer it produces is meaningful only when one argument is a strict subslice of the other. If the two slices are created from different buffers entirely, a comparison is undefined; if the two slices are disjoint regions of the same buffer, then the semantically correct distance is between the tail of the lower and the head of the upper, which this does not measure.

Visual Description

Consider the following sequence of bits:

[ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b ]
  |       ^^^^^^^       |
  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

It does not matter whether there are bits between the tail of the smaller and the larger slices. The offset is computed from the bit distance between the two heads.

Behavior

This function computes the semantic distance between the heads, rather than the *electrical. It does not take into account the BitOrder implementation of the slice.

Safety and Soundness

One of self or other must contain the other for this comparison to be meaningful.

Parameters

• &self
• other: Another bit slice. This must be either a strict subregion or a strict superregion of self.

Returns

The distance in (semantic) bits betwen the heads of each region. The value is positive when other is higher in the address space than self, and negative when other is lower in the address space than self.

pub unsafe fn set_unchecked(&mut self, index: usize, value: bool)

Writes a new bit at a given index, without doing bounds checking.

This is generally not recommended; use with caution! Calling this method with an out-of-bounds index is undefined behavior. For a safe alternative, see .set().

Parameters

• &mut self
• index: The bit index at which to write. It must be in the range 0 .. self.len().
• value: The value to be written; true for 1 or false for 0.

Effects

The bit at index is set to value. If index is out of bounds, then the memory access is incorrect, and its behavior is unspecified.

Safety

This method is not safe. It performs raw pointer arithmetic to seek from the start of the slice to the requested index, and set the bit there. It does not inspect the length of self, and it is free to perform out-of-bounds memory write access.

Use this method only when you have already performed the bounds check, and can guarantee that the call occurs with a safely in-bounds index.

Examples

This example uses a bit slice of length 2, and demonstrates out-of-bounds access to the last bit in the element.

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![mut 0; 2];
let (first, _) = bits.split_at_mut(1);

unsafe {
  first.set_unchecked(1, true);
}

assert_eq!(bits, bits![0, 1]);

pub unsafe fn set_aliased_unchecked(&self, index: usize, value: bool) where
    T: Radium, 

Writes a new bit at a given index, without doing bounds checking.

This method supports writing through a shared reference to a bit that may be observed by other BitSlice handles. It is only present when the T type parameter supports such shared mutation (measured by the Radium trait).

Effects

The bit at index is set to value. If index is out of bounds, then the memory access is incorrect, and its behavior is unspecified. If T is an atomic, this will lock the memory bus for the referent address, and may cause stalls.

Safety

This method is not safe. It performs raw pointer arithmetic to seek from the start of the slice to the requested index, and set the bit there. It does not inspect the length of self, and it is free to perform out-of-bounds memory write access.

Use this method only when you have already performed the bounds check, and can guarantee that the call occurs with a safely in-bounds index.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;
use core::cell::Cell;

let byte = Cell::new(0u8);
let bits = byte.view_bits::<Msb0>();
let bits_2 = bits;

let (first, _) = bits.split_at(1);
assert_eq!(first.len(), 1);
unsafe { first.set_aliased_unchecked(2, true); }

assert!(bits_2[2]);

pub unsafe fn swap_unchecked(&mut self, a: usize, b: usize)

Swaps two bits in the slice.

See .swap().

Safety

a and b must both be less than self.len().

pub unsafe fn split_at_unchecked(&self, mid: usize) -> (&Self, &Self)

Divides one slice into two at an index, without performing any bounds checking.

See .split_at().

Safety

mid must not be greater than self.len(). If this condition is violated, the function behavior is unspecified.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1];
let (l, r) = unsafe { bits.split_at_unchecked(3) };
assert!(l.not_any());
assert!(r.all());

let (l, r) = unsafe { bits.split_at_unchecked(6) };
assert_eq!(l, bits);
assert!(r.is_empty());

pub unsafe fn split_at_unchecked_mut(
    &mut self,
    mid: usize
) -> (&mut BitSlice<O, T::Alias>, &mut BitSlice<O, T::Alias>)

Divides one mutable slice into two at an index.

See .split_at_mut().

Safety

mid must not be greater than self.len().

pub unsafe fn copy_within_unchecked<R>(&mut self, src: R, dest: usize) where
    R: RangeBounds<usize>, 

Copies bits from one part of the slice to another part of itself, without doing bounds checks.

The ranges are allowed to overlap.

Parameters

• &mut self
• src: The range within self from which to copy.
• dst: The starting index within self at which to paste.

Effects

self[src] is copied to self[dest .. dest + src.end() - src.start()].

Safety

src and dest .. dest + src.len() must be entirely within self.len().

pub fn as_bitptr(&self) -> BitPtr<Const, O, T>

Returns a raw bit-pointer to the base of the bit-slice’s region.

The caller must ensure that the bit-slice outlives the bit-pointer this function returns, or else it will end up pointing to garbage.

The caller must also ensure that the memory the bit-pointer (non-transitively) points to is never written to using this bit-pointer or any bit-pointer derived from it. If you need to mutate the contents of the slice, use .as_mut_bitptr().

Modifying the container referenced by this bit-slice may cause its buffer to be reällocated, which would also make any bit-pointers to it invalid.

Original

slice::as_ptr

API Differences

This returns a structure, BitPtr, rather than an actual raw pointer *Bit. The information required to address a bit within a memory element cannot be encoded into a single pointer.

This structure can be converted back into a &BitSlice with the function from_raw_parts.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let x = bits![0, 0, 1];
let x_ptr = x.as_ptr();

unsafe {
  for i in 0 .. x.len() {
    assert_eq!(*x.get_unchecked(i), (&*x)[i]);
  }
}

pub fn as_mut_bitptr(&mut self) -> BitPtr<Mut, O, T>

Returns an unsafe mutable bit-pointer to the bit-slice’s region.

The caller must ensure that the bit-slice outlives the bit-pointer this function returns, or else it will end up pointing to garbage.

Modifying the container referenced by this bit-slice may cause its buffer to be reällocated, which would also make any bit-pointers to it invalid.

Original

slice::as_mut_ptr

API Differences

This returns *mut BitSlice, which is the equivalont of *mut [T] instead of *mut T. The pointer encoding used requires more than one CPU word of space to address a single bit, so there is no advantage to removing the length information from the encoded pointer value.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![mut Lsb0, u8; 0; 8];
let bits_ptr = bits.as_mut_ptr();

for i in 0 .. bits.len() {
  unsafe {
    bits_ptr.add(i).write(i % 3 == 0);
  }
}
assert_eq!(bits.as_slice()[0], 0b0100_1001);

pub fn as_bitptr_range(&self) -> BitPtrRange<Const, O, T>

Returns the two raw bit-pointers spanning the bit-slice.

The returned range is half-open, which means that the end bit-pointer points one past the last bit of the bit-slice. This way, an empty bit-slice is represented by two equal bit-pointers, and the difference between the two bit-pointers represents the size of the bit-slice.

See as_bitptr for warnings on using these bit-pointers. The end bit-pointer requires extra caution, as it does not point to a valid bit in the bit-slice.

This function allows a more direct access to bit-pointers, without paying the cost of encoding into a *BitSlice, at the cost of no longer fitting into ordinary Rust interfaces.

Original

slice::as_ptr_range

API Differences

This returns a dedicated structure, rather than a range of BitPtrs, because the traits needed for non-core types to correctly operate in ranges are still unstable. The structure can be converted into a range, but that range will not be an iterator.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![0, 1, 0, 0, 1];
let mid_ptr = bits.get(2).unwrap().into_bitptr();
let mut range = bits.as_bitptr_range();
assert!(range.contains(&mid_ptr));
unsafe {
  assert!(!range.next().unwrap().read());
  assert!(range.next_back().unwrap().read())
}

pub fn as_mut_bitptr_range(&mut self) -> BitPtrRange<Mut, O, T>

Returns the two unsafe mutable bit-pointers spanning the bit-slice.

The returned range is half-open, which means that the end bit-pointer points one past the last bitt of the bit-slice. This way, an empty bit-slice is represented by two equal bit-pointers, and the difference between the two bit-pointers represents the size of the bit-slice.

See as_mut_bitptr for warnings on using these bit-pointers. The end bit-pointer requires extra caution, as it does not point to a valid bit in the bit-slice.

Original

slice::as_mut_ptr_range

API Differences

This returns a dedicated structure, rather than a range of BitPtrs, because the traits needed for non-core types to correctly operate in ranges are still unstable. The structure can be converted into a range, but that range will not be an iterator.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;
use bitvec::ptr as bv_ptr;

let mut data = 0u8;
let bits = data.view_bits_mut::<Msb0>();
for mut bitptr in bits.as_mut_bitptr_range() {
  unsafe { bv_ptr::write(bitptr, true); }
}
assert_eq!(data, !0);

pub fn bit_domain(&self) -> BitDomain<'_, O, T>

Splits the slice into subslices at alias boundaries.

This splits self into the memory locations that it partially fills and the memory locations that it completely fills. The locations that are completely filled may be accessed without any bitvec-imposed alias conditions, while the locations that are only partially filled are left unchanged.

You can read more about the BitDomain splitting in its documentation.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut data = [0u16; 3];
let all = data.view_bits_mut::<Msb0>();
let (_, rest) = all.split_at_mut(8);
let bits: &BitSlice<Msb0, <u16 as BitStore>::Alias> = &rest[.. 32];

let (head, body, tail) = bits
  .bit_domain()
  .region()
  .unwrap();
assert_eq!(head.len(), 8);
assert_eq!(tail.len(), 8);
let _: &BitSlice<Msb0, <u16 as BitStore>::Alias> = head;
let _: &BitSlice<Msb0, <u16 as BitStore>::Alias> = tail;
let _: &BitSlice<Msb0, u16> = body;

pub fn bit_domain_mut(&mut self) -> BitDomainMut<'_, O, T>

Splits the slice into subslices at alias boundaries.

This splits self into the memory locations that it partially fills and the memory locations that it completely fills. The locations that are completely filled may be accessed without any bitvec-imposed alias conditions, while the locations that are only partially filled are left unchanged.

You can read more about the BitDomainMut splitting in its documentation.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut data = [0u16; 3];
let all = data.view_bits_mut::<Msb0>();
let (_, rest) = all.split_at_mut(8);
let bits: &mut BitSlice<Msb0, <u16 as BitStore>::Alias>
  = &mut rest[.. 32];

let (head, body, tail) = bits
  .bit_domain_mut()
  .region()
  .unwrap();
assert_eq!(head.len(), 8);
assert_eq!(tail.len(), 8);
let _: &mut BitSlice<Msb0, <u16 as BitStore>::Alias> = head;
let _: &mut BitSlice<Msb0, <u16 as BitStore>::Alias> = tail;
let _: &mut BitSlice<Msb0, u16> = body;

pub fn domain(&self) -> Domain<'_, T>

Views the underlying memory containing the slice, split at alias boundaries.

This splits self into the memory locations that it partially fills and the memory locatinos that it completely fills. The locations that are completely filled may be accessed without any bitvec-imposed alias conditions, while the locations that are only partially filled are left unchanged.

You can read more about the Domain splitting in its documentation.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut data = [0u16; 3];
let all = data.view_bits_mut::<Msb0>();
let (_, rest) = all.split_at_mut(8);
let bits: &BitSlice<Msb0, <u16 as BitStore>::Alias> = &rest[.. 32];

let (head, body, tail) = bits
  .domain()
  .region()
  .unwrap();
assert_eq!(body.len(), 1);

let _: &<u16 as BitStore>::Alias = head.unwrap().1;
let _: &<u16 as BitStore>::Alias = tail.unwrap().0;
let _: &[u16] = body;

pub fn domain_mut(&mut self) -> DomainMut<'_, T>

Views the underlying memory containing the slice, split at alias boundaries.

This splits self into the memory locations that it partially fills and the memory locations that it completely fills. The locations that are completely filled may be accessed without any bitvec-imposed alias conditions, while the locations that are only partially filled are left unchanged.

You can read more about the DomainMut splitting in its documentation.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let mut data = [0u16; 3];
let all = data.view_bits_mut::<Msb0>();
let (_, rest) = all.split_at_mut(8);
let bits: &mut BitSlice<Msb0, <u16 as BitStore>::Alias> = &mut rest[.. 32];

let (head, body, tail) = bits
  .domain_mut()
  .region()
  .unwrap();
assert_eq!(body.len(), 1);

let _: &<<u16 as BitStore>::Alias as BitStore>::Access = head.unwrap().1;
let _: &<<u16 as BitStore>::Alias as BitStore>::Access = tail.unwrap().0;
let _: &mut [u16] = body;

pub fn as_slice(&self) -> &[T]

Views the underlying memory containing the slice.

The returned slice handle views all elements touched by self, and marks them all with self’s current aliasing state. For a more precise view, or one that permits mutation, use .domain() or .domain_mut().

pub fn split_at_aliased_mut(&mut self, mid: usize) -> (&mut Self, &mut Self)

Splits a mutable slice at some mid-point.

This method has the same behavior as .split_at_mut(), except that it does not apply an aliasing marker to the partitioned subslices.

Safety

Because this method is defined only on BitSlices whose T type is alias-safe, the subslices do not need to be additionally marked.

pub const MAX_BITS: usize

pub const MAX_ELTS: usize

pub fn to_bitvec(&self) -> BitVec<O, T::Unalias>

Copies self into a new BitVec.

This resets any alias markings from self, since the returned buffer is known to be newly allocated and thus unaliased.

Examples

use bitvec::prelude::*;

let bits = bits![0, 1, 0, 1];
let bv = bits.to_bitvec();
assert_eq!(bits, bv);

Trait Implementations

impl<O, T> AsMut<BitSlice<O, T>> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn as_mut(&mut self) -> &mut BitSlice<O, T>

Performs the conversion.

impl<O, T> AsRef<BitSlice<O, T>> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn as_ref(&self) -> &BitSlice<O, T>

Performs the conversion.

impl<O, T> Binary for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl<O, T, Rhs> BitAnd<Rhs> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore,
    BitSlice<O, T>: BitAndAssign<Rhs>, 

type Output = Self

The resulting type after applying the & operator.

fn bitand(self, rhs: Rhs) -> Self::Output

Performs the & operation.

impl<O, T, Rhs> BitAndAssign<Rhs> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore,
    BitSlice<O, T>: BitAndAssign<Rhs>, 

fn bitand_assign(&mut self, rhs: Rhs)

Performs the &= operation.

impl<O, T> BitField for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore,
    BitSlice<O, T>: BitField, 

fn load_le<M>(&self) -> M where
    M: BitMemory, 

Loads from self, using little-endian element T ordering.

fn load_be<M>(&self) -> M where
    M: BitMemory, 

Loads from self, using big-endian element T ordering.

fn store_le<M>(&mut self, value: M) where
    M: BitMemory, 

Stores into self, using little-endian element ordering.

fn store_be<M>(&mut self, value: M) where
    M: BitMemory, 

Stores into self, using big-endian element ordering.

fn load<M>(&self) -> M where
    M: BitMemory, 

Loads the bits in the self region into a local value.

fn store<M>(&mut self, value: M) where
    M: BitMemory, 

Stores a sequence of bits from the user into the domain of self.

impl<O, T, Rhs> BitOr<Rhs> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore,
    BitSlice<O, T>: BitOrAssign<Rhs>, 

type Output = Self

The resulting type after applying the | operator.

fn bitor(self, rhs: Rhs) -> Self::Output

Performs the | operation.

impl<O, T, Rhs> BitOrAssign<Rhs> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore,
    BitSlice<O, T>: BitOrAssign<Rhs>, 

fn bitor_assign(&mut self, rhs: Rhs)

Performs the |= operation.

impl<O, T, Rhs> BitXor<Rhs> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore,
    BitSlice<O, T>: BitXorAssign<Rhs>, 

type Output = Self

The resulting type after applying the ^ operator.

fn bitxor(self, rhs: Rhs) -> Self::Output

Performs the ^ operation.

impl<O, T, Rhs> BitXorAssign<Rhs> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore,
    BitSlice<O, T>: BitXorAssign<Rhs>, 

fn bitxor_assign(&mut self, rhs: Rhs)

Performs the ^= operation.

impl<O, T> Borrow<BitSlice<O, T>> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn borrow(&self) -> &BitSlice<O, T>

Immutably borrows from an owned value.

impl<O, T> BorrowMut<BitSlice<O, T>> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut BitSlice<O, T>

Mutably borrows from an owned value.

impl<O, T> Clone for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn clone(&self) -> Self

Returns a copy of the value.

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source.

impl<O, T> Debug for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl<O, T> Default for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn default() -> Self

Returns the “default value” for a type.

impl<O, T> Deref for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

type Target = BitSlice<O, T>

The resulting type after dereferencing.

fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target

Dereferences the value.

impl<O, T> DerefMut for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target

Mutably dereferences the value.

impl<O, T> Display for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl<O, T> Drop for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn drop(&mut self)

Executes the destructor for this type.

impl<'a, O, T> Extend<&'a T> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn extend<I>(&mut self, iter: I) where
    I: IntoIterator<Item = &'a T>, 

Extends a collection with the contents of an iterator.

fn extend_one(&mut self, item: A)

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (extend_one)

Extends a collection with exactly one element.

fn extend_reserve(&mut self, additional: usize)

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (extend_one)

Reserves capacity in a collection for the given number of additional elements.

impl<'a, O, T> Extend<&'a bool> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn extend<I>(&mut self, iter: I) where
    I: IntoIterator<Item = &'a bool>, 

Extends a collection with the contents of an iterator.

fn extend_one(&mut self, item: A)

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (extend_one)

Extends a collection with exactly one element.

fn extend_reserve(&mut self, additional: usize)

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (extend_one)

Reserves capacity in a collection for the given number of additional elements.

impl<'a, M, O1, O2, T1, T2> Extend<BitRef<'a, M, O2, T2>> for BitVec<O1, T1> where
    M: Mutability,
    O1: BitOrder,
    O2: BitOrder,
    T1: BitStore,
    T2: BitStore, 

fn extend<I>(&mut self, iter: I) where
    I: IntoIterator<Item = BitRef<'a, M, O2, T2>>, 

Extends a collection with the contents of an iterator.

fn extend_one(&mut self, item: A)

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (extend_one)

Extends a collection with exactly one element.

fn extend_reserve(&mut self, additional: usize)

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (extend_one)

Reserves capacity in a collection for the given number of additional elements.

impl<O, T> Extend<T> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn extend<I>(&mut self, iter: I) where
    I: IntoIterator<Item = T>, 

Extends a collection with the contents of an iterator.

fn extend_one(&mut self, item: A)

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (extend_one)

Extends a collection with exactly one element.

fn extend_reserve(&mut self, additional: usize)

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (extend_one)

Reserves capacity in a collection for the given number of additional elements.

impl<O, T> Extend<bool> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn extend<I>(&mut self, iter: I) where
    I: IntoIterator<Item = bool>, 

Extends a collection with the contents of an iterator.

fn extend_one(&mut self, item: A)

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (extend_one)

Extends a collection with exactly one element.

fn extend_reserve(&mut self, additional: usize)

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (extend_one)

Reserves capacity in a collection for the given number of additional elements.

impl<'a, O, T> From<&'a BitSlice<O, T>> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn from(slice: &'a BitSlice<O, T>) -> Self

Performs the conversion.

impl<'a, O, T> From<&'a mut BitSlice<O, T>> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn from(slice: &'a mut BitSlice<O, T>) -> Self

Performs the conversion.

impl<O, T> From<BitBox<O, T>> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn from(boxed: BitBox<O, T>) -> Self

Performs the conversion.

impl<O, T> From<BitVec<O, T>> for BitBox<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn from(bv: BitVec<O, T>) -> Self

Performs the conversion.

impl<'a, O, T> FromIterator<&'a T> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn from_iter<I>(iter: I) -> Self where
    I: IntoIterator<Item = &'a T>, 

Creates a value from an iterator.

impl<'a, O, T> FromIterator<&'a bool> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn from_iter<I>(iter: I) -> Self where
    I: IntoIterator<Item = &'a bool>, 

Creates a value from an iterator.

impl<'a, M, O1, O2, T1, T2> FromIterator<BitRef<'a, M, O2, T2>> for BitVec<O1, T1> where
    M: Mutability,
    O1: BitOrder,
    O2: BitOrder,
    T1: BitStore,
    T2: BitStore, 

fn from_iter<I>(iter: I) -> Self where
    I: IntoIterator<Item = BitRef<'a, M, O2, T2>>, 

Creates a value from an iterator.

impl<O, T> FromIterator<T> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

Collect a sequence of memory elements into a bit-vector.

This is a short-hand for, and implemented as, iter.collect::<Vec<_>>().into().

This is not a standard-library API, and was added for Issue #83.

fn from_iter<I>(iter: I) -> Self where
    I: IntoIterator<Item = T>, 

Creates a value from an iterator.

impl<O, T> FromIterator<bool> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn from_iter<I>(iter: I) -> Self where
    I: IntoIterator<Item = bool>, 

Creates a value from an iterator.

impl<O, T> Hash for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn hash<H>(&self, state: &mut H) where
    H: Hasher, 

Feeds this value into the given Hasher.

fn hash_slice<H>(data: &[Self], state: &mut H) where
    H: Hasher, 

Feeds a slice of this type into the given Hasher.

impl<O, T, Idx> Index<Idx> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore,
    BitSlice<O, T>: Index<Idx>, 

type Output = <BitSlice<O, T> as Index<Idx>>::Output

The returned type after indexing.

fn index(&self, index: Idx) -> &Self::Output

Performs the indexing (container[index]) operation.

impl<O, T, Idx> IndexMut<Idx> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore,
    BitSlice<O, T>: IndexMut<Idx>, 

fn index_mut(&mut self, index: Idx) -> &mut Self::Output

Performs the mutable indexing (container[index]) operation.

impl<O, T> Into<Vec<T, Global>> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn into(self) -> Vec<T>

Performs the conversion.

impl<O, T> IntoIterator for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

type IntoIter = IntoIter<O, T>

Which kind of iterator are we turning this into?

type Item = bool

The type of the elements being iterated over.

fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter

Creates an iterator from a value.

impl<'a, O, T> IntoIterator for &'a BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

type IntoIter = <&'a BitSlice<O, T> as IntoIterator>::IntoIter

Which kind of iterator are we turning this into?

type Item = <&'a BitSlice<O, T> as IntoIterator>::Item

The type of the elements being iterated over.

fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter

Creates an iterator from a value.

impl<'a, O, T> IntoIterator for &'a mut BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

type IntoIter = <&'a mut BitSlice<O, T> as IntoIterator>::IntoIter

Which kind of iterator are we turning this into?

type Item = <&'a mut BitSlice<O, T> as IntoIterator>::Item

The type of the elements being iterated over.

fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter

Creates an iterator from a value.

impl<O, T> LowerHex for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl<O, T> Not for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

This implementation inverts all elements in the live buffer. You cannot rely on the value of bits in the buffer that are outside the domain of BitVec::as_mit_bitslice.

type Output = Self

The resulting type after applying the ! operator.

fn not(self) -> Self::Output

Performs the unary ! operation.

impl<O, T> Octal for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl<O, T> Ord for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering

This method returns an Ordering between self and other.

fn max(self, other: Self) -> Self

Compares and returns the maximum of two values.

fn min(self, other: Self) -> Self

Compares and returns the minimum of two values.

fn clamp(self, min: Self, max: Self) -> Self

Restrict a value to a certain interval.

impl<O1, O2, T1, T2> PartialEq<BitVec<O2, T2>> for BitSlice<O1, T1> where
    O1: BitOrder,
    O2: BitOrder,
    T1: BitStore,
    T2: BitStore, 

fn eq(&self, other: &BitVec<O2, T2>) -> bool

This method tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests for !=.

impl<O1, O2, T1, T2> PartialEq<BitVec<O2, T2>> for &BitSlice<O1, T1> where
    O1: BitOrder,
    O2: BitOrder,
    T1: BitStore,
    T2: BitStore, 

fn eq(&self, other: &BitVec<O2, T2>) -> bool

This method tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests for !=.

impl<O1, O2, T1, T2> PartialEq<BitVec<O2, T2>> for &mut BitSlice<O1, T1> where
    O1: BitOrder,
    O2: BitOrder,
    T1: BitStore,
    T2: BitStore, 

fn eq(&self, other: &BitVec<O2, T2>) -> bool

This method tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests for !=.

impl<O, T, Rhs> PartialEq<Rhs> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore,
    Rhs: ?Sized + PartialEq<BitSlice<O, T>>, 

fn eq(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests for !=.

impl<O1, O2, T1, T2> PartialOrd<BitVec<O2, T2>> for BitSlice<O1, T1> where
    O1: BitOrder,
    O2: BitOrder,
    T1: BitStore,
    T2: BitStore, 

fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &BitVec<O2, T2>) -> Option<Ordering>

This method returns an ordering between self and other values if one exists.

fn lt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests less than (for self and other) and is used by the < operator.

fn le(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests less than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the <= operator.

fn gt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests greater than (for self and other) and is used by the > operator.

fn ge(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests greater than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the >= operator.

impl<'a, O1, O2, T1, T2> PartialOrd<BitVec<O2, T2>> for &'a BitSlice<O1, T1> where
    O1: BitOrder,
    O2: BitOrder,
    T1: BitStore,
    T2: BitStore, 

fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &BitVec<O2, T2>) -> Option<Ordering>

This method returns an ordering between self and other values if one exists.

fn lt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests less than (for self and other) and is used by the < operator.

fn le(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests less than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the <= operator.

fn gt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests greater than (for self and other) and is used by the > operator.

fn ge(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests greater than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the >= operator.

impl<'a, O1, O2, T1, T2> PartialOrd<BitVec<O2, T2>> for &'a mut BitSlice<O1, T1> where
    O1: BitOrder,
    O2: BitOrder,
    T1: BitStore,
    T2: BitStore, 

fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &BitVec<O2, T2>) -> Option<Ordering>

This method returns an ordering between self and other values if one exists.

fn lt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests less than (for self and other) and is used by the < operator.

fn le(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests less than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the <= operator.

fn gt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests greater than (for self and other) and is used by the > operator.

fn ge(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests greater than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the >= operator.

impl<O, T, Rhs> PartialOrd<Rhs> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore,
    Rhs: ?Sized + PartialOrd<BitSlice<O, T>>, 

fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Rhs) -> Option<Ordering>

This method returns an ordering between self and other values if one exists.

fn lt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests less than (for self and other) and is used by the < operator.

fn le(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests less than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the <= operator.

fn gt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests greater than (for self and other) and is used by the > operator.

fn ge(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests greater than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the >= operator.

impl<O, T> TryFrom<Vec<T, Global>> for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

type Error = Vec<T>

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.

fn try_from(vec: Vec<T>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error>

Performs the conversion.

impl<O, T> UpperHex for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl<O, T> Write for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore,
    BitSlice<O, T>: BitField, 

Mirrors the implementation on Vec<u8> (found here).

The implementation copies bytes from buf into the tail end of self. The performance characteristics of this operation are dependent on the type parameters of the BitVec, and the position of its tail.

fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize>

Write a buffer into this writer, returning how many bytes were written.

fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<()>

Flush this output stream, ensuring that all intermediately buffered contents reach their destination.

fn write_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &[IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<usize, Error>

Like write, except that it writes from a slice of buffers.

fn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (can_vector)

Determines if this Writer has an efficient write_vectored implementation.

fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error>

Attempts to write an entire buffer into this writer.

fn write_all_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<(), Error>

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (write_all_vectored)

Attempts to write multiple buffers into this writer.

fn write_fmt(&mut self, fmt: Arguments<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Writes a formatted string into this writer, returning any error encountered.

fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self

Creates a “by reference” adapter for this instance of Write.

impl<O, T> Eq for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

impl<O, T> Send for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

impl<O, T> Sync for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore, 

impl<O, T> Unpin for BitVec<O, T> where
    O: BitOrder,
    T: BitStore,